SOCIALISM AND MULTI-NATIONAL STATE IN EASTERN EUROPE

东欧的社会主义和多民族国家

基本信息

批准号：
16530328
负责人：
ZAIKI Kazuo
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study explored how was depressing Yugoslav politics during 1920s and 1930s. Among others, right before the World War II, the agreement was settled between Serb and Croat politician. However, the agreement still lacked the moral legitimacy of a convincing public ratification, and the regime still appeared as the "private property" of a gang of politicians. These people did not trouble to enact the socioeconomic and political reforms that had been expected by the agreement.Hence, the state of public moral was fragile when the war finally struck Yugoslavia with the Axis invasion of April 6,1941. The Croatian troops widely shirked mobilization, mutinied sporadically, and scarcely fought at all, while the Serbs' performance was flabby in comparison to their tenacity in World War I. Though Yugoslavia's ultimate defeat was inevitable, yet the feeble resistance of her Army was nevertheless a reflection on her people's sentiment toward the regime and its system. A decade of repressive yet irresolute misgovernment, in the name of national unity, had squandered the confidence of all ethnic communities, even of the Serbs, while the agreement had not purchased even the elementary loyalty of the Croats. The opposition constellation and parties had reciprocated the regime's failures with their own inconstancy, opportunism and frivolity.Finally, what was most ironic was that the war struck Yugoslavia in the spring of 1941 despite, or perhaps, because of the desperate diplomatic efforts of Prince Paul's government to keep it away. Aware of Yugoslavia's military weakness and economic vulnerability, which were in some part their own fault, and of the current European balance, or lack of it, Prince Paul and his ministers cautiously eased their way toward the Nazis Germany and finally adhered to the Tripartite Pact on March 25, 1941.

这项研究探讨了1920年代和1930年代如何使南斯拉夫政治压抑。在第二次世界大战之前，该协议就在塞尔维亚政治家和克罗地亚政治家之间达成了解决。但是，该协议仍然缺乏令人信服的公众批准的道德合法性，该政权仍然是一群政客的“私人财产”。这些人并没有麻烦达成协议所期望的社会经济和政治改革。此后，当战争最终袭击南斯拉夫时，公众道德的状况是脆弱的。克罗地亚军队广泛地进行了动员，偶尔进行了叛变，几乎没有战斗，而塞尔维亚人的表现与第一次世界大战中的坚韧性相比，塞尔维亚人的表现却很宽容。尽管南斯拉夫的最终失败是不可避免的，但她的军队的弱势抵制仍然对她的人民对该行为及其系统的仇恨反映了。以民族统一的名义浪费了十年的压制性但不可思议的错误政府，浪费了所有种族社区，甚至塞族人的信心，而该协议甚至没有购买克罗地亚的基本忠诚度。反对派星座和政党以自己的不稳定，机会主义和轻浮的方式使该政权的失败得到了反应。最具讽刺意味的是，尽管保罗王子政府的拼命外交努力使保罗王子的外交努力远离它，但战争袭击了南斯拉夫。意识到南斯拉夫的军事弱点和经济脆弱性，在某些部分是他们自己的错，以及当前的欧洲平衡，或者缺乏这种脆弱性，保罗王子和他的部长谨慎地朝着纳粹德国迈出了态度，并最终于1941年3月25日遵守了三方条约。