The effects of dual task on the retrieval inhibition in emotional memory

双重任务对情绪记忆检索抑制的影响

• 批准号: 16530475
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Masanobu
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: University of the Sacred Heart
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530475/
• 关键词: retrieval inhibition; directed forgetting; emotion; memory load

Retrieval inhibition refers to temporary inaccessibility of learned materials with leaving their availability unaffected. One of the procedures for studying retrieval inhibition is directed forgetting paradigm. In this paradigm, participants are asked to learn two lists of items that they will later have to recall. After study the first list of items, one group of participants (i.e., F group) are instructed to forget the items they have just leaned and remember only the second list for upcoming recall test. In contrast, the other group (i.e., R group) are instructed to remember both first and second lists of items, which they will have to later recall. At recall test, all the participants are required to recall all previously learned items. Typically, as for the first list the F group shows lower recall performance than the R group. Such a directed forgetting effect is interpreted in terms of retrieval inhibition. In this paper, I report four experiments to investigate whether retrieval inhibition in the directed forgetting paradigm emerges using emotionally negative materials. Specifically, in the first two experiments using negative words, I obtained the typical directed forgetting effect and found that the effect was disappeared by a concurrent memory load during the presentation of second list. In the third and forth experiment with negative pictures, I found the similar directed forgetting effect, but the effect was not disrupted by concurrent memory load. I make a brief summary and some perspectives on the retrieval inhibition in the directed forgetting paradigm.

检索抑制是指暂时无法访问所学材料，但其可用性不受影响。研究检索抑制的程序之一是定向遗忘范式。在这个范例中，参与者被要求学习两个他们稍后必须回忆的项目列表。在学习完第一个项目列表后，一组参与者（即 F 组）被指示忘记他们刚刚学习过的项目，只记住第二个列表以进行即将进行的回忆测试。相反，另一组（即 R 组）被指示记住第一和第二个项目列表，他们稍后必须回忆这些项目。在回忆测试中，所有参与者都必须回忆起所有以前学过的项目。通常，对于第一个列表，F 组的召回性能低于 R 组。这种定向遗忘效应可以用检索抑制来解释。在本文中，我报告了四项实验，以研究定向遗忘范式中的检索抑制是否会在使用情绪消极材料时出现。具体来说，在前两个使用否定词的实验中，我获得了典型的定向遗忘效应，并发现在呈现第二个列表期间该效应因并发记忆负载而消失。在第三次和第四次负片实验中，我发现了类似的定向遗忘效应，但该效应没有被并发内存负载破坏。我对定向遗忘范式中的检索抑制做了一个简单的总结和一些看法。