The effects of dual task on the retrieval inhibition in emotional memory

双重任务对情绪记忆检索抑制的影响

• 批准号: 16530475
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Masanobu
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: University of the Sacred Heart
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530475/
• 关键词: retrieval inhibition; directed forgetting; emotion; memory load

Retrieval inhibition refers to temporary inaccessibility of learned materials with leaving their availability unaffected. One of the procedures for studying retrieval inhibition is directed forgetting paradigm. In this paradigm, participants are asked to learn two lists of items that they will later have to recall. After study the first list of items, one group of participants (i.e., F group) are instructed to forget the items they have just leaned and remember only the second list for upcoming recall test. In contrast, the other group (i.e., R group) are instructed to remember both first and second lists of items, which they will have to later recall. At recall test, all the participants are required to recall all previously learned items. Typically, as for the first list the F group shows lower recall performance than the R group. Such a directed forgetting effect is interpreted in terms of retrieval inhibition. In this paper, I report four experiments to investigate whether retrieval inhibition in the directed forgetting paradigm emerges using emotionally negative materials. Specifically, in the first two experiments using negative words, I obtained the typical directed forgetting effect and found that the effect was disappeared by a concurrent memory load during the presentation of second list. In the third and forth experiment with negative pictures, I found the similar directed forgetting effect, but the effect was not disrupted by concurrent memory load. I make a brief summary and some perspectives on the retrieval inhibition in the directed forgetting paradigm.

提取抑制指的是暂时无法获得学习材料，而不影响材料的可获得性。研究提取抑制的程序之一是定向遗忘范式。在这个范例中，参与者被要求学习两个他们稍后必须回忆的项目列表。在学习了第一个项目后，一组参与者(即F组)被指示忘记他们刚刚学过的项目，只记住第二个项目，以便进行即将到来的回忆测试。相反，另一组(即，R组)被指示记住第一和第二条目列表，他们将不得不稍后回忆这些条目。在回忆测试中，所有参与者都被要求回忆所有以前学过的项目。通常，对于第一个列表，F组的回忆成绩低于R组。这种定向遗忘效应可以用提取抑制来解释。在本文中，我报告了四个实验，以考察定向遗忘范式中的提取抑制是否出现在情绪负面材料中。具体地说，在前两个使用否定词的实验中，我获得了典型的定向遗忘效应，并发现在呈现第二个列表时，这种效应被并发的记忆负荷所消除。在第三次和第四次负图实验中，我发现了类似的定向遗忘效应，但这种效应不受并发记忆负荷的干扰。对定向遗忘范式中的提取抑制进行了简要的总结和展望。