A Study of the Improvement of Undergraduate Education and Teaching Assistant Systems in the United States.

美国本科教育及助教制度完善研究。

• 批准号: 16530523
• 负责人: KIRA Naoshi
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: Japan Professional School of Education (2006)Shukutoku University (2004-2005)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530523/
• 关键词: Teaching Assistant (TA) System; Center for Teaching and Learning; Preparing Future Faculty; Training Programs; Improvement of Undergraduate Education; Graduate Students; Faculty Development; Universities in the United States; ティーチング・アシスタント(TA)制度 /

The purpose of this research study was to investigate the actual conditions and problems of teaching assistant (TA) systems, as well as systems of training and development for TAs in universities in the United States, which became the basis for those introduced in Japanese universities. To this end, the three researchers visited five universities in the northeast and three universities in the west, and interviewed TAs and staff of the center for teaching and learning at each university, along with some professors. The researchers presented major findings of the research at national education conferences in 2004,2005,and 2006.In terms of TA systems, this study found that, although TAs had far more substantial responsibilities, such as teaching sessions and labs by themselves than the Japanese counterparts, and made great contributions to the improvement of undergraduate education, there were still many TAs who taught without sufficient training. This study revealed that the TA systems and training programs for TAs were quite different in different universities, and that differences existed between natural science majors and humanities and social science majors in terms of job descriptions, the degrees of financial reliance on TA positions, the amount of stipend, etc. Therefore, this study attempted to make an analytical framework to compare and contrast different TA training systems employed by the centers of teaching and learning and departments in different universities. Further research is needed to complete the analytical framework, as well as to investigate on preparing future faculty programs, unionization of TAs, etc., which are to be conducted during the next 3-year phase of this study.

本研究的目的是调查美国大学中的助教（TA）制度的实际情况和问题，以及助教的培训和发展制度，这些制度成为日本大学引进这些制度的基础。为此，三位研究人员走访了东北五所大学和西部三所大学，并采访了每所大学的助教和教与学中心的工作人员，以及沿着的一些教授。研究人员在2004年、2005年和2006年的全国教育会议上公布了研究的主要结果。在助教制度方面，本研究发现，尽管助教承担着远比日本同行更多的实质性责任，如自己的教学会议和实验室，并为改善本科教育做出了巨大贡献，仍然有许多助教没有经过足够的培训就开始教学。本研究发现，不同大学的助教制度和助教培养方案存在较大差异，自然科学专业和人文社会科学专业在助教职位的工作描述、对助教职位的经济依赖程度、助学金数额等方面存在差异，因此，摘要本研究试图建立一个分析框架，以比较不同大学教学中心与系所采用的不同助教训练系统。需要进一步的研究来完成分析框架，以及调查准备未来的教师计划，助教的工会化等，将在本研究的下一个3年阶段进行。

项目成果

Trends in Research on the Teaching Assistant System in Japan.

日本助教制度的研究动向。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Journal of Education (Education Society of Nihon University) Vol. 40
• 作者: Kitano;Akio.
• 通讯作者: Akio.

アメリカの大学教育の改善とティーチング・アシスタント制度の研究(研究成果報告書)

美国大学教育与助教制度的完善研究（研究报告）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Kitano;Akio;Kira;Naoshi;Waga;Takashi.;吉良直(研究代表者)
• 通讯作者: 吉良直(研究代表者)

アメリカの大学のTA制度と実践の比較研究

美国大学TA制度与实践比较研究

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 大学教育学会誌 27巻2号
• 作者: 吉良直;北野秋男;和賀崇
• 通讯作者: 和賀崇

A Comparative Study of Teaching Assistant Systems and Practices in Selected Universities in the United States.

美国部分大学助教系统和实践的比较研究。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Journal of the Liberal and General Education Society of Japan Vol. 27, No. 2
• 作者: Kira;Naoshi;Kitano;Akio;Waga;Takashi.
• 通讯作者: Takashi.

アメリカのティーチング・アシスタント制度と訓練・養成制度の研究-北東部5大学でのインタビュー調査結果の比較考察-

美国助教制度和培训培养制度研究——东北五所大学访谈调查结果比较研究——

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 大学教育学会誌 27巻2号
• 作者: 吉良直;北野秋男;和賀崇;吉良直
• 通讯作者: 吉良直