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Studies on Utilization of Water Resources and Irrigation Facilities for Sustaining the soundness of Hydrologic System in a river basin with an Urban Sprawl Area

城市蔓延地区流域水资源和灌溉设施利用维持水文系统健全的研究

基本信息

批准号：
16580208
负责人：
HORINO Haruhiko
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Irrigation water has not only a role of feeding water for crops but also a function as "regional water" associated with the local residents' life and environment. Nowadays it is feared that such the function is being lost due to advancing of urbanization. The objective of this study is to try to investigate the role which agricultural infrastructure (especially irrigation pond) plays for aquatic environment, including artificial water management aspect, at a region or basin level in Kishiwada area where urban sprawl is advancing. In this study, hydrological observations such as river flow, inflow and outflow in an irrigation pond, precipitation, water quality, and so on were continuously carried out, and based on these data, the following aspects were discussed.1.Investigation of the characteristic of climate and water resources in Kishiwada area : Using the AMEDAS data at 7 stations within Osaka prefecture, a potentially available water resource, which is calculated by precipitation m … More inus potential evapotranspiration, were estimated at each station. The result indicated that the study area is categorized into relatively dry climate in Japan. And based on the irrigation pond ledger, the geographical distribution of irrigation pond was investigated, and water resources deposit was estimated.2.Evaluation of flood mitigation function of irrigation pond : For Hoji-ike pond which is one of the irrigation ponds, located in the study area, flood mitigation function of the pond was evaluated through both analysis with observed data and model simulation. As a result, it was indicated that this pond mitigated floods enough though its surface area is relatively small for its catchment area.3.Evaluation of nutrient load reduction functions of irrigation pond : It is sustained that nutrient load in river water which was in hydrodynamic state was reduced by going through the pond in which the water was in hydrostatic state.4.Estimation of nutrient load reduction in the river associated with expanding sewerage infrastructure : The improvement of river water pollution level (decrease of nutrient load) according to increasing of the sewerage connecting ratio in the Haruki River watershed was estimated. The results indicated that increasing the sewerage connecting ratio in the down stream area, where the population density is higher, was more effective than expanding the sewerage system to the upper stream area, where is rural area, for decreasing of nutrient load level in river water.Integrated the above results, it was discussed what the irrigation system should be for sustaining the soundness of hydrologic system from the point of view of "storage" and "purification" of water. Less

灌溉水不仅具有给农作物供水的作用，而且还具有与当地居民生活和环境相联系的“区域水”的功能。如今，人们担心这种功能正因城市化的推进而丧失。本研究的目的在于探讨农业基础设施(尤其是灌溉池塘)在城市扩张推进的岸田县区域或流域层面对水环境(包括人工水管理方面)所起的作用。在本研究中，持续进行河流流量、灌溉池塘进出水、降水、水质等水文观测，并在此基础上进行了以下几个方面的探讨：1.岸和田地区气候与水资源特征研究：利用大阪府内7个站的AMEDAS资料，利用降水量m…计算出潜在的可利用水资源在每个站点估计了更多的Inus潜在蒸散量。结果表明，研究区属于日本相对干燥的气候类型。在灌溉池塘台账的基础上，调查了灌溉池塘的地理分布，估算了水资源储量。2.灌溉池塘的防洪功能评价：以研究区域内的一个灌溉池塘为例，采用观测资料分析和模型模拟相结合的方法，对池塘的防洪功能进行了评价。结果表明，尽管该池塘的集水区面积相对较小，但其对洪水的缓解作用是足够的。3.灌溉池塘的营养盐减载功能评价：通过经过处于静水状态的池塘，持续降低处于水动力状态的河水中的营养盐负荷。4.随着污水基础设施的扩建，估算河流中营养盐负荷的减少：估算了随着Haruki河流域污水连通率的增加，河水污染水平(营养盐负荷的降低)的改善。结果表明，在人口密度较高的下游地区增加排水连通率，比将排水系统扩展到上游农村地区更能有效地降低河流水体的营养负荷水平。结合上述结果，从水的“储存”和“净化”的角度讨论了维持水文系统健康的灌溉系统应该是什么样的。较少