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Study on the responses of wintering plants to stresses caused by acid snow

越冬植物对酸雪胁迫响应的研究

基本信息

批准号：
16580270
负责人：
ARAKAWA Keita
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16580270/
关键词：
Air pollution Environmental stress Acid snow Wintering plants Sulfuric acid Extracellular freezing Injury Winter wheat 酸性雪ストレス凍結傷害

项目摘要

Acid precipitation (acid rain or acid mist) is an environmental problem that has affected ecosystems and agriculture. Acid snow might be also an environmental stress factor for wintering plants since acid precipitates are locally concentrated in snow and the period in which ice crystals are in contact with shoots might be longer than that of acid precipitates in rain. In this study, 'equilibrium' and 'prolonged', freezing tests with sulfuric acid, which simulate situations of temperature depression and chronic freezing at a subzero temperature with acid precipitate as acid snow stress, respectively, were carried out using leaf segments of cold-acclimated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). When leaf segments were frozen in the presence of sulfuric acid solution (pH 4.0,3.0 or 2.0) by equilibrium freezing with ice-seeding, the survival rate of leaf samples treated with sulfuric acid (pH 2.0) decreased markedly. Leaf samples after supercooling to -4 and -8℃ in the presence of sulfuric acid solution (pH 2.0) without ice-seeding were less damaged. When leaf samples were subjected to prolonged freezing at -4 and -8℃ for 7 days with sulfuric acid (pH 2.0), the survival rates of leaf samples exposed to sulfuric acid decreased more than those of leaf samples treated with water. On the other hand, leaf samples were less damaged by prolonged supercooling at -4 and -8℃ for 7 days with sulfuric acid (pH 2.0). The results suggest that an acid condition in the process of extracellular freezing and/or thawing promotes freezing injury of wheat leaves, because of the combined effects of acid substances concentrated in snow crystals and freeze-thaws in an acid solution concentrated by freezing. For further characterization of the responses of wintering plants to acid-snow stress, studies on the mechanism of injury caused by acid-snow stress are in progres.

酸雨（酸雨或酸雾）是一个影响生态系统和农业的环境问题。酸雪也可能是越冬植物的环境胁迫因素，因为酸沉淀局部集中在雪中，冰晶与芽接触的时间可能比雨中酸沉淀的时间长。在本研究中，以冷适应冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的叶段为研究对象，进行了“平衡”和“长时间”硫酸冷冻试验，分别模拟温度下降和酸沉淀作为酸雪胁迫在零度以下的慢性冷冻情况。在pH为4.0、3.0或2.0的硫酸溶液中进行平衡冷冻和冰播冷冻时，经pH为2.0的硫酸处理的叶片样品存活率明显降低。在pH为2.0的硫酸溶液中，过冷至-4℃和-8℃后的叶片样品损伤较小。用硫酸（pH 2.0）在-4℃和-8℃长时间冷冻7 d，硫酸处理的叶片存活率比水处理的叶片存活率下降的幅度更大。另一方面，在-4℃和-8℃下用硫酸（pH 2.0）长时间过冷7 d，叶片样品的损伤较小。结果表明，细胞外冻融过程中的酸性条件促进了小麦叶片的冻害，这是由于雪晶中浓缩的酸性物质和冷冻浓缩的酸性溶液中的冻融物质共同作用的结果。为了进一步研究越冬植物对酸雪胁迫的响应，对酸雪胁迫伤害机理的研究正在进行中。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（78）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Unfrozen water (in Japanese)

未结冰的水（日语）

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Kagaku to Seibutsu 43
影响因子：
0
作者：
Fujikawa;S.
通讯作者：
S.

Responses of wintering plants to acid snow stress (in japanese)

越冬植物对酸雪胁迫的反应（日语）

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
New aspects of plant science
影响因子：
0
作者：
Arakawa;K.
通讯作者：
K.

針葉樹木部からの氷核形成阻害物質の検出

针叶树冰核抑制剂的检测

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
低温生物工学会誌 51
影响因子：
0
作者：
T. Araki;H. Masamoto;M. Shigematsu;T. Mitsunaga;Inada H;Fujikawa S;Minami A;Takahashi H;Inada H;Nagao M;水野薫
通讯作者：
水野薫

カラマツ木部粗抽出画分からの氷核形成阻害活性の検出

落叶松木质部粗提物组分冰核抑制活性的检测