A study to formalize communication among arguing multiagents based on logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning

我们的研究总结如下。语义Web推理与基于论证推理的集成系统：虽然目前已经提出了许多只考虑基于规则的知识的基于论证的多智能体系统，但它们目前还无法处理本体知识。然而，在我们的日常生活中，有许多人类论证同时使用本体论和规则知识。例如，在电子商务中，卖方和买方通常使用关于产品的本体以及各自的购买和销售策略规则。语义Web技术的最新进展提供了表达性本体语言。在本研究中，为了满足这种实际的论证，我们提出了一个语义Web推理和非单调基于论证推理的集成系统。在我们的集成系统中，语义Web推理被建立为描述逻辑推理系统，给出由OWL DL或其更符号化的DL SHOIN(D)表示的本体，而基于论证的推理是基于辩证证明理论建立的多智能体，其知识被赋予为扩展的注释逻辑程序（专门化到两个值{f， t}，如果需要，语义Web推理可以访问）。本文给出了基于本体和规则的大学课程和电子商务在线拍卖的有趣论证结果。基于猜想和检验程序集成的限定定理证明：最近我们提出了一种将优先限定编译到答案集规划中的方法。但是，它的编码具有猜测和检查结构，其中候选者由猜测程序生成，检查由检查程序的不一致性表示。在本研究中，我们提出了另一种方法，通过猜测和检验程序的集成，将优先限定编译成一个单一的一般析取程序（GDP）。通过使用完整性约束模拟检查程序的不一致性，得到给定限制下转换后的GDP收益模型的答案集。由于我们的集成技术，通过在单个GDP中表示不一致性检查，可以很容易地建立根据优先级限制评估查询的限制定理证明器。我们的实验结果表明，使用我们的新方法实现的工具circum2的性能不仅比我们以前的方法有了显着的提高，即减少了运行时间，而且在我们的实验中也超过了最近开发的软件工具prio_circ2dlp，用于优先限制。少

Our research is summarized as follows.1.An Integrated System of Semantic Web Reasoning and Argument-based Reasoning :Though many kinds of multi-agent systems based on argumentation have been proposed where only rule-based knowledge is taken into account, they have been unable to handle the ontological knowledge so far. In our daily life, however, there are a lot of human argumentation where both ontological and rule knowledge are used. For example, in e-commerce, a seller and a buyer usually use ontologies about products along with their respective strategic rules for buying and selling. Recent progress of the Semantic Web technology provides expressive ontology languages. In this research, in order to meet such a practical argumentation, we present an integrated system of Semantic Web reasoning and nonmonotonic argument-based reasoning. In our integrated system, Semantic Web reasoning is established as the description logic reasoning system, given ontologies expressed by OWL DL or its … More notational variant the DL SHOIN(D), whereas argument-based reasoning is established based on dialectical proof theory for multi-agents whose knowledge is given as extended annotated logic program (specialized to two values {f, t} with being accessible to the Semantic Web reasoning if needed. Interesting argumentation results using both ontologies and rules for the university curriculum as well as online-auction in e-commerce are shown as examples executed by our system.2.Circumscriptive Theorem Prover based on Integration of Guess and Check Programs :Recently we proposed a method of compiling prioritized circumscription into answer set programming as our previous method. However, its encoding has the guess and check structure, where the candidates are generated by the guess program and the check is expressed by the inconsistency of the check program. In this research, we present another method which compiles prioritized circumscription into a single general disjunctive program (GDP) by means of integration of the guess and check programs. The answer sets of the transformed GDP yield models of a given circumscription by emulating the inconsistency of the check program using integrity constraints. Thanks to our integration technique, the circumscriptive theorem prover to evaluate a query with respect to prioritized circumscription is easily established by expressing the inconsistency check in a single GDP. Our experimental results show that the performance of the tool, circum2 we have implemented using our new method has not only improved remarkably, i.e. reduction of runtime as compared to our previous method, but has also exceeded that of the recently developed software tool, prio_circ2dlp, for prioritized circumscription as far as our experiments are concerned. Less