The study on the purchasing of Ministry of Communications and corporate activity in the interwar period

本研究的目的是分析两次世界大战期间交通部采购活动的变化。2006年，重点研究了成为交通部“定点工厂”的主要通信设备制造商的企业活动。主要通信设备制造商的名称在交通部的规范中录入了“指定工厂”的名称，交通部获得了根据通信设备制造商的技术和生产能力随意下单的授权。由于交通部掌握了主要制造商的技术和生产能力内幕信息，交通部的调整能力有所提高，从而使通信设备的供应得以畅通。另一方面，通信设备制造商达成了关于自动交换机的卡特尔协议，从部分合作开始，逐渐利用卡特尔协议。从采购方式的长期变化来看，选择契约法是从20世纪30年代初的S到20世纪20年代末的S形成的。二战后，选择契约法作为一种采购方式被日本电报电话公司继承，并在1980年S之后的放松管制的流程中发生了很大的变化。尚未解决的研究主题是分析NTT在战后时期的采购政策和通信设备制造商的行为。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of Ministry of Communications purchasing, focusing on corporate activity in the Interwar Period. In 2006, the corporate activity of the main communication equipment makers, which became "a designated factory" of Ministry of Communications, was mainly studied. The name of a main communication equipment maker as "a designated factory" entered in the specifications of Ministry of Communications, and Ministry of Communications got authority to place an order for optionally depending on technology and productive capacity for communication equipment makers. As Ministry of Communication got possible to grasp inside information about technology and productive capacity of main makers, Ability for adjustment of Ministry of Communications rose, and a smooth supply of communications equipment was enabled thereby. On the other hand, the communication equipment makers concluded a cartel agreement about an automatic switchboard and began from partial cooperation and came to make minute use of a cartel agreement. From a viewpoint of a long-term change of a purchasing method, the optional contract method was formed during the beginning in 1930's from the end in 1920's. The optional contract method is succeeded as a purchasing method by Nippon Telegraph ＆ Telephone Public Corporation after World War II and changed in a flow of deregulation after 1980's greatly. The research theme that is not solved is to analyze a purchasing policy of NTT and a behavior of communication equipment makers in the postwar period.