The study on the purchasing of Ministry of Communications and corporate activity in the interwar period

本研究的目的是分析交通部采购的变化，重点关注两次世界大战期间的企业活动。2006年，主要研究了交通部“定点工厂”的主要通信设备制造商的公司活动。一家主要通信设备制造商的名称作为“指定工厂”进入交通部的规范，交通部有权根据通信设备制造商的技术和生产能力选择性地下订单。由于交通部能够掌握主要制造商的技术和生产能力的内部信息，交通部的调整能力提高，从而使交通设备的供应畅通。另一方面，通信设备制造商缔结了关于自动交换机的卡特尔协议，并从部分合作开始，逐渐利用卡特尔协议。从采购方法的长期变化来看，选择性合同法从20世纪20年代末开始形成于20世纪30年代初。选择性合同法是日本电报电话公司在二战后继承的一种采购方法，在20世纪80年代后的放松管制浪潮中发生了很大的变化。未解决的研究主题是分析NTT的采购政策和战后通信设备制造商的行为。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of Ministry of Communications purchasing, focusing on corporate activity in the Interwar Period. In 2006, the corporate activity of the main communication equipment makers, which became "a designated factory" of Ministry of Communications, was mainly studied. The name of a main communication equipment maker as "a designated factory" entered in the specifications of Ministry of Communications, and Ministry of Communications got authority to place an order for optionally depending on technology and productive capacity for communication equipment makers. As Ministry of Communication got possible to grasp inside information about technology and productive capacity of main makers, Ability for adjustment of Ministry of Communications rose, and a smooth supply of communications equipment was enabled thereby. On the other hand, the communication equipment makers concluded a cartel agreement about an automatic switchboard and began from partial cooperation and came to make minute use of a cartel agreement. From a viewpoint of a long-term change of a purchasing method, the optional contract method was formed during the beginning in 1930's from the end in 1920's. The optional contract method is succeeded as a purchasing method by Nippon Telegraph ＆ Telephone Public Corporation after World War II and changed in a flow of deregulation after 1980's greatly. The research theme that is not solved is to analyze a purchasing policy of NTT and a behavior of communication equipment makers in the postwar period.