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The Inter-enterprise Relationship and Competitive Strategy in the Electronics Industry : A case study of the vacuum tube business during the interwar period

电子行业的企业间关系与竞争策略：两次世界大战期间真空管业务的案例研究

基本信息

批准号：
09630084
负责人：
HASEGAWA Shin
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
AOYAMA GAKUIN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) The Strategy of Tokyo Electric Co. , which was granted the Langniuir hard bulb patent by General Electric Co. , was to stop the entries of the other vacuum tube manufacturers. The strategy was successful, and Tokyo Electric Co. was able to enjoy the benefits of the vacuum tube business growing in the latter half of 1920s. Furthermore, the agreement between Tokyo Electric Co. and Nippon Electric Co. , which decided Nippon Electric Co. to abandon the production of hard bulbs, was concluded in 1926. The agreement was similar to the U.S.agreement between the radio group and the telephone group in 1925.(2) In the 1930s Nippon Electric Co. entered into the vacuum tube market aggressively, because Tokyo Electric Co. granted Nippon Electric Co. the right to use the Langrnuir patent. The reason why Tokyo Electric Co. changed the policy on the Langmuir patent is not clear. Nippon electric Co. did not intend to make vacuum tubes using the Langnvir patent, because the deadline of the Langmuir patent was extended from 1930 to 1935 in Japan. On the other hand in U.S.A.General Electric Co. and RCA, affiliated with Tokyo Electric Co. , were changing the policy that they enjoyed their own patents exclusively under the effects of the anti-monopoly law. In conclusion the change of the foreign companies' strategy effected on the patent agreement between Tokyo Electric Co. and Japanese companies.(3) The market share of Tokyo Electric Co. tend to decline after The Japan-China War under the rapid increase of vacuum tube demand. Tokyo Electric Co. granted patents and know-how to Japanese companies under the military compulsion. This wartime technology transfer laid the foundation of the electronics enterprises in the postwar period.

(1)东京电气公司的战略是阻止其他真空管制造商的进入，该公司获得了通用电气公司授予的朗缪尔硬灯泡专利。这一战略取得了成功，东京电气公司能够享受到20世纪20年代后半期真空管业务增长的好处。此外，东京电气公司和日本电气公司之间的协议，决定日本电气公司放弃生产硬灯泡，于1926年缔结。该协议类似于1925年美国无线电集团和电话集团之间的协议。(2)20世纪30年代，日本电气公司积极进入真空管市场，因为东京电气公司授予日本电气公司使用Langrnuir专利的权利。东京电力公司改变朗缪尔专利政策的原因尚不清楚。日本电气公司不打算使用朗缪尔专利制造真空管，因为朗缪尔专利的截止日期在日本从1930年延长到1935年。另一方面，在美国，通用电气公司和东京电气公司的附属公司RCA正在改变它们在反垄断法的影响下独家享有自己的专利的政策。最后得出结论，外国公司的战略变化对东京电气公司与日本公司的专利协议产生了影响。(3)日中战争后，在真空管需求急剧增加的情况下，东京电气公司的市场份额趋于下降。东京电力公司在军事强制下向日本公司授予专利和技术诀窍。这种战时技术转移奠定了战后电子企业的基础。