Role of aquaporin and astrocyte in progression and absorption of brain edema.

脑水肿是由于脑含水量增加而导致的脑体积的增加。继发于各种颅内病变。脑水肿所致的颅内压升高，导致患者预后最差。脑水肿形成的原因是血脑屏障和星形胶质细胞通透性增加。血管生成、缺血和神经毒性类型的混合机制是致病因素。最近的研究表明，星形胶质细胞和水通道蛋白(AQPs)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)可能在脑水肿的形成和消退中发挥重要作用。在本研究中，我们评估了水通道蛋白和星形胶质细胞在水肿性脑组织中的作用。结果：AQP1、AQP4和血管内皮生长因子在GFAP阳性的星形胶质细胞中共表达。AQP1和AQP4在星形细胞终足表达较强。星形胶质细胞位于水肿性组织和被毛细血管包围的细胞中。在临床研究中，我们研究了壳核出血患者的水肿进展。我们发现手术治疗组的水肿进展没有保守治疗组严重。

Brain edema is an increase in brain volume due to an increased brain water content. It occurs secondary following various intracranial lesions. Brain edema results increased intracranial pressure, and causes the worst patients' prognosis. The causes of brain edema formations are an increased permeability of blood brain barrier and astrocytes. Mixed mechanisms of the vasogenic, ischemic, and neurotoxic type are contributing factors. Recent research has shown that astrocytes and aquaporins (AQPs), a large family of proteins that enables water to cross cell membranes, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may play an important role in the formation and resolution of brain edema. In the present study, we evaluated the role of AQPs and astrocyte in edematous brain tissue. Also the progression and resolution of brain edema in some clinical situations.Results : AQP1, AQP4, and VEGF were coexpressed in GFAP-positive astrocytes. AQP1 and AQP4 were strongly expressed in astrocytic end feet. The astrocytes were located in oedematous tissue and in cells surrounded by capillaries.In the clinical study, we investigated edema progression in patients with putaminal hemorrhage. We found the edema progression is less severe in surgical treatment group than in conservative treatment group.