Precision Ultra-low Magnetic Field Measurement Device

精密超低磁场测量装置

• 批准号: 492562173
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Technische Universität München (TUM)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/492562173?language=en
• 关键词: Precision; Ultra; low; Magnetic; Field

A high-performance walk-in sized magnetically shielded enclosure is being requested, to be used for precision measurements in fundamental physics and applications. Its main features are a magnetic background field of < 0.1 nT and a gradient of 0.1 nT/m in the central 1 m3. This is essential to access new experimental terrain in several disciplines. Commercial large-scale shielded enclosures are limited to approximately 1 nT residual fields and gradients of nT/m, comparable to the world’s largest shield at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. The chair for ‘Precision Measurements at Extreme Conditions’ at TU München gained significant experience over the last 13 years in the design of extremely shielded environments, triggered by the requirements for the search for the electric dipole moment of the neutron, an experiment in fundamental physics. For this, a field of < 0.1 nT and a gradient of < 0.1 nT/m over a m3 - sized volume was demonstrated in two installations only with passive shielding measures with < 1 fT noise. Key to the performance is (i) the optimization of the orientation of magnetic domains inside the wall material, a magnetizable alloy often called mumetal and (ii) measures for accurate and precise sensing. The shielded environment proposed here consists of an enclosure of nested shells of a highly permeable magnetizable material and a highly conducting shell, coils for generating magnetic fields and for magnetic equilibration; a pneumatic door with 1.15 m width and 2 m height for access for various experiments and people; a non-magnetic 5-axes robot, fluxgate- and atomic magnetometers for field and gradient characterization to ensure that the conditions can be characterized, optimized, and reproduced. The new facility serves measurements in different disciplines of research, to enable technology and knowledge transfer between fundamental physics and applications in physics, medicine and neuroscience. It is planned to share the facility for different research projects through a versatile concept. Planned activities are (i) precision spin clock measurements to probe the laws of nature at extreme precision (Electric Dipole Moment and Axion-like particle searches) and the development of novel experiments; (ii) development of quantum- and nano/micro-fabricated MEMS based (quantum) magnetometers; (iii) technology development for magnetic fetal heart imaging (fetal MCG) in combination with complementary diagnostic methods like ultrasound imaging and (iv) investigation of the brain’s magnetic signals (MEG) in connection to motion and movement of the body. All these activities share the need for extremely low magnetic field gradients and use similar techniques. We will use the new facility to continuously advance low magnetic field technology with dedicated staff personnel to ensure proper operation of the facility and to provide access for all envisaged applications.

需要一种高性能的步入式磁屏蔽外壳，用于基础物理和应用中的精确测量。其主要特征是磁场背景< 0.1 nT，中心1 m3的梯度为0.1 nT/m。这对于进入几个学科的新实验领域是必不可少的。商用大型屏蔽外壳的残余场限制在1 nT左右，梯度为nT/m，可与世界上最大的德国物理技术研究所（Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt）相媲美。在过去的13年里，m<s:1> nchen工业大学“极端条件下的精密测量”主席在极端屏蔽环境的设计方面获得了丰富的经验，这是由寻找中子的电偶极矩的要求引发的，这是一项基础物理实验。为此，在两个装置中，仅采用噪声< 1 fT的被动屏蔽措施，就证明了小于0.1 nT/m的磁场和小于0.1 nT/m的梯度。性能的关键是(i)优化壁材（通常称为mumetal的可磁化合金）内部磁畴的方向，（ii）精确和精确的传感措施。这里提出的屏蔽环境包括高渗透性磁化材料的嵌套外壳和高导电性外壳，用于产生磁场和磁平衡的线圈；宽1.15米，高2米的气动门，供各种实验及人员进出；非磁性五轴机器人，磁通门和原子磁强计用于磁场和梯度表征，以确保条件可以表征，优化和再现。新设施为不同学科的研究提供测量服务，以实现基础物理学与物理学、医学和神经科学应用之间的技术和知识转移。计划通过多功能概念共享不同研究项目的设施。计划的活动是：(i)精密自旋时钟测量，以极高的精度探测自然规律（电偶极矩和轴子样粒子搜索）和开发新的实验；（ii）基于量子和纳米/微制造MEMS的（量子）磁力计的发展；（iii）结合超声成像等辅助诊断方法开发胎儿心脏磁成像（胎儿MCG）技术；（iv）研究与身体运动和运动有关的大脑磁信号（MEG）。所有这些活动都需要极低的磁场梯度，并使用类似的技术。我们将利用新设施不断推进低磁场技术，并配备专门的工作人员，以确保设施正常运行，并为所有设想的应用提供通道。