Marketization and International Interdependence

我们的学习小组A02集中研究了当今中国经济面临的几个热点问题。我们已经举办了几次研讨会来讨论这些问题，有时还会邀请外部的客座演讲者，比如来自北京大学的张维英教授和周其仁教授。我们的研究成果即将定稿，并以《中国经济在市场化的探索》为题出版。中根概述了中国体制转型的一些特征，并将其与前苏联和东欧的经验进行了比较，得出结论认为中国的制度化程度仍然较低，中国经济背后的所有问题都与这些特征密切相关。上原和今井以国有企业为研究对象，从不同角度描述了国有企业日益恶化的状况。上原强调了企业内部劳资关系的重要性。另一方面，今井正试图从公司治理的角度来解决这个问题。田岛通过对云南某村的调查，分析了中央与地方、地方内部的财政关系，明确了部门与区域的财政关系。凯特也对地区问题感兴趣，但形成了不同的方面。他从中国改革开放后的历史和制度条件出发，阐述了中国出现地区间差异的原因。佐藤对中国收入分配这一重要问题进行了研究，并在广泛的调查基础上总结了自20世纪70年代末以来中国收入分配结构的变化。杜讨论了外汇估值问题及其对国内经济的影响。他的兴趣在于中国在国际舞台上产生双顺差（即经常项目顺差和资本项目顺差）的过程机制。Marukawa关注了失业问题，这个问题正成为中国领导层头疼的问题，以及它与中国发展和转型进程的关系。少

Our study group A02 has concentrated on several hot issues facing the Chinese economy today. We have opened workshops several times to discuss those issues, sometimes inviting guest speakers from outside like Professors Zhang Weiying and Zhou Qiren, both from Peking University. Our research results are now going to be finalized and published as a single volume entitled China's Economy in Search of Marketization.Nakagane outlined some features of China's system transition, comparing it with the experiences in the former Soviet Union and Easter Europe, and reached a conclusion that China is still less institutionalized and all of the issues behind the Chinese economy are closely related with such characteristics.Uehara and Imai focused on state owned enterprises and depicted the worsening situation of those enterprises from some perspectives. Uehara emphasized the importance of labor relations within the enterprises. Imai, on the other hand, tried to approach this issue from an aspect of … More corporate governance.Tajima analyzed center-local and intra-local fiscal relationships, made clear the departmental and regional fiscal relations based on his own survey in a village of Yunnan province. Kate is also interested in regional problems, but form a different aspect. He clarified the reason why interregional disparities have appeared in China, given its historical and institutional conditions during the post-reform period.Sato tackled an important issue of income distribution in China, summarizing the structural transformation of distribution since the late 1970's based upon a broad basis of his own surveys and collected references. Du discussed the problem of foreign exchange valuation and its impact on the domestic economy. His interest lies in the mechanism of a process that twin surpluses, i.e. surplus of current account and that of capital account, have been generated in the Chinese international scene. Marukawa paid attention to the unemployment issue, which is becoming a head-ache problem for the Chinese leadership, and its relationships with China's development and transition process. Less