Market Development in Rural China : A Case of Lunan Country

我们的研究项目始于调查市场化给中国农村带来了什么，以及改革后中国农村结构的变化。随后，我们组织了一个研究小组，与云南省社会科学院合作，在云南省鲁南县（今石林县）进行了两次百余项的精准农户调查。我们的研究地点选择了两个乡镇：桂山和板桥。1995年和1998年，随机抽取100户家庭进行经济活动调查。1998年对板桥乡农贸市场聚集的小商贩进行了调查。从这些调查中得到的所有数据都已电脑化，目前正在由小组成员进行分析。除了这些调查外，我们还对有关县的农村管理进行了深入的研究，采访了当地的县、乡、村各级官员，如县政府各部门的主任，以及我们调查地点的乡长和村长。例如，财政和金融制度的变化、扶贫政策所采取的具体措施以及粮食和烟草采购的实际制度，都通过这些访谈得到了明确的说明。基于我们的研究和收集的数据，我们正在撰写关于农村市场化及其对云南省鲁南县的影响的报告，将于明年出版。1998年2月和1999年2月，我们邀请中国合作伙伴到东京，举办了两次关于云南省农村转型的研讨会，在研讨会上展示了我们论文的大纲，讨论了云南省的农业发展，并就云南农业面临的结构性问题交换了意见。

Our research project started with an aim to investigate into what marketization brought in rural China and how its structure had changed in post-reform China. We then organized a research team which has implemented precise rural household surveys with more than hundred items twice in Lunan (now called Shilin) county in Yunnan province in collaboration with the Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences. Two townships were chosen for our research sites : Guishan and Banqiao. One hundred of households were selected through the random sampling and their economic activities were surveyed in 1995 and 1998. In 1998 a survey of petty traders who gathered in the rural market in Banqiao township was also conducted. All data derived from these surveys were computerized and are now being analyzed by the team members.Besides these surveys we have done in-depth researches on rural administration in the county concerned by interviewing local officials at the county, township and village levels, such as directors of various departments of the county government as well as township and village heads within our research sites. Changes in fiscal and financial systems, specifid measures employed for the anti-poverty policy, and the real system of grain and tobacco procurements, for instance, were made clear through such interviews.Based on our research and collected data, we are now writing reports on rural marketization and its impact on Lunan county of Yunnan province, which will be published next year. We invited our Chinese partners to Tokyo and held workshops twice on rural transformations in Yunnan province in February 1998 and 1999, where the outlines of our papers were presented, agricultural development in Yunnan province was discussed, and views as to structural problems facing Yunnan agriculture were exchanged.