Appropriation and Revitalization. Negotiation Processes of the German-Jewish Cultural Heritage in Poland

该项目涉及位于当代波兰前德国领土上的犹太仪式建筑和墓地，这些建筑和墓地被不同的团体和行为者作为“文化遗产”进行了复杂的占有。自第二次世界大战结束以来，波兰的犹太物质遗产一直是多种多样的，因此适合对不同的遗产战略进行审查：由于领土转移，现在包括波兰核心地区以及前德国领土上的犹太社区的物品和遗址。由于项目申请者的学术取向，该项目的特点是从跨学科的角度(历史、建筑史、古迹保护)对研究主题进行审查。主要的研究方法将是个案研究和与不同行为者的访谈，以调查犹太文化遗迹是否、何时、以何种方式、由谁保存在波兰文化遗产中，在这种情况下，犹太教堂建筑和墓地曾经和现在都被包括在波兰文化遗产中。特别是，将调查“德国-犹太人”和“波兰-犹太人”派生的文物在挪用、使用和表现方面的差异，重点是对迄今相对较少受到关注的前德国领土上的文物进行评估和分析。在计划中的研究中，将非常重视在跨学科工作小组中共同考虑当代历史方面以及建筑历史和古迹保护方面的问题。研究问题的表述如下：哪些物品是以何种方式保存的？作为一个历史犹太社区的物质遗迹，哪些礼仪建筑和墓地受到哪些策略的保护？如何在当地、区域和国际(如果适用)讨论和看待保护和再利用过程？犹太行为者、社区和机构在当地和国际上扮演着什么角色？哪些国家和超国家组织参与其中？这些复兴的犹太建筑对当地民众和他们的“遗产意识”有何意义？初步研究使得能够确定与研究有关的结构和设施。此外，还与处理所选设施的保存和使用的组织达成了密切合作协议。该项目的目标是为欧洲和全世界其他犹太建筑遗产的进一步比较工作奠定基础，并在最高优先事项的背景下，促进文化可持续性方面的遗产战略的思考。因此，该项目位于A组。然而，在C组的意义上，它也询问犹太行为者在建设遗产方面的相关性，反之亦然，它对波兰内外犹太社区的历史文化意识的重要性。

The project deals with Jewish ritual buildings and cemeteries, located in former German territories of contemporary Poland, as objects of a complex appropriation as "cultural heritage" by diverse groups and actors. Since the end of the II World War, the material Jewish heritage of Poland has been heterogeneous and therefore lends itself to an examination of different heritage strategies: Due to territorial shifts, it now includes objects and sites of Jewish communities in the core Polish regions as well as those in the former German territories. The special feature of the project is the examination of the subject of study from an interdisciplinary perspective (history, building history, monument preservation), as a result of the academic orientation of the project’s applicants. The main research methods will be case studies and interviews with various actors to investigate whether, when, in what way, and by whom the relics of Jewish culture, in this case, synagogue buildings and cemeteries, were and are included in the Polish cultural heritage. In particular, differences in appropriation, use, and representation between those objects with "German-Jewish" and "Polish-Jewish" derivation will be investigated, with a focus on the appraisal and analysis of the objects in the former German territories that have so far received comparatively little attention. In the planned study, great emphasis will be placed on a joint consideration of contemporary historical aspects, as well as aspects of architectural history and monument preservation in the interdisciplinary working group. The research questions are formulated as it follows: Which objects are preserved in which way? Which ritual buildings and cemeteries, as material relics of a historical Jewish community as a whole, are protected with which strategies? How preservation and reuse processes are discussed and perceived locally, regionally, and, if applicable, internationally? What role do Jewish actors, communities, and institutions play locally and internationally, and which national and supranational organizations are involved? What is the significance of the "revived" Jewish buildings for local populations and their "heritage consciousness"? Preliminary research enabled the identification of structures and facilities relevant for the research. Also, close cooperation has been agreed with organizations dealing with the preservation and use of the chosen facilities. The project’s goal is to develop a basis for further comparative work on other Jewish building heritage in Europe and worldwide and, in the context of the SPP, to contribute to the reflection of heritage strategies with regard to cultural sustainability. The project is therefore located in Cluster A. However, it also asks, in the sense of Cluster C, about the relevance of Jewish actors for building heritage and, vice versa, about its importance for the historical-cultural awareness of Jewish communities - in Poland and beyond it.