Variations of Stratospheric Ozone and General Circulation of the Atmosphere

平流层臭氧变化与大气环流

基本信息

批准号：
11219204
负责人：
ITOH Hisanori
金额：
$ 25.73万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11219204/
关键词：
Stratospheric ozone Ozone hole General circulation Climate General circulation model Arctic oscillation

项目摘要

The ozone hole appeared at the end of the 1970s in the Antarctic lower stratosphere and has developed early each austral spring. In addition, large ozone depletion has been observed over the Arctic during early spring in recent years. Hence, we have investigated interannual variations of the general circulation as well as climate and their relationship with polar stratospheric ozone losses by using a general circulation model.The resultant interannual variability of the general circulation in the stratosphere becomes larger than that in an experiment without polar ozone losses, which is intimately connected with the change of UV heating due to the polar stratospheric ozone change. The spatial pattern of the interannual variation shows a annular seesaw between the Arctic and mid-latitudes in the stratosphere, which furthermore extends down to the troposphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, the interannual change of stronger polar night jets causes a similar variation pattern even in the experiment without polar ozone losses.The surface portion of the above annular pattern is called to the Arctic Oscillation (AO). We have examined the reality of the AO on the basis of data analyzes over 50 years. Results show that the AO consists of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Pacific/North American (PNA) pattern which are almost independent each other. Therefore, the AO seems to be an apparent pattern. It is also found that the annular pattern observed in the stratosphere is connected only with the NAO near the surface.To conclude, we have revealed that the large ozone depletion in the stratosphere could induce general circulation changes throughout the stratosphere and troposphere. We must further investigate future evolution of the ozone depletion and its influence on general circulation changes.

臭氧孔出现在1970年代末在南极下极平流层，并在每个澳大利亚春季早期发展。此外，近年来早春已经观察到北极的大臭氧耗竭。因此，我们通过使用一般循环模型调查了一般循环以及气候的年际变化及其与极性平流层臭氧损失的关系。在平流层中一般循环的一年间变异性变得比没有极性臭氧损失的实验中的一般循环差异很大，而极性损失与紫外线的损失相关，这与紫外线的变化相关，而紫外线会变化到极性层面上。年际变化的空间模式显示了平流层中北极和中纬度之间的环形seesaw，此外还向对流层延伸。在南半球，即使在没有极性臭氧损失的实验中，较强的极性夜间飞机的年度变化也会引起类似的变化模式。上述环形图案的表面部分被称为北极振荡（AO）。我们已经根据50年的数据分析研究了AO的现实。结果表明，AO由北大西洋振荡（NAO）和太平洋/北美（PNA）模式组成，它们几乎彼此独立。因此，AO似乎是一种明显的模式。还发现，在平流层中观察到的环形模式仅与表面附近的NAO相连。得出的结论，我们已经揭示了平流层中的较大的臭氧耗竭可以诱导整个平流层和对流层的一般循环变化。我们必须进一步研究臭氧耗竭及其对一般循环变化的影响的未来演变。