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Variations of Stratospheric Ozone and General Circulation of the Atmosphere

平流层臭氧变化与大气环流

基本信息

批准号：
11219204
负责人：
ITOH Hisanori
金额：
$ 25.73万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11219204/
关键词：
Stratospheric ozone Ozone hole General circulation Climate General circulation model Arctic oscillation

项目摘要

The ozone hole appeared at the end of the 1970s in the Antarctic lower stratosphere and has developed early each austral spring. In addition, large ozone depletion has been observed over the Arctic during early spring in recent years. Hence, we have investigated interannual variations of the general circulation as well as climate and their relationship with polar stratospheric ozone losses by using a general circulation model.The resultant interannual variability of the general circulation in the stratosphere becomes larger than that in an experiment without polar ozone losses, which is intimately connected with the change of UV heating due to the polar stratospheric ozone change. The spatial pattern of the interannual variation shows a annular seesaw between the Arctic and mid-latitudes in the stratosphere, which furthermore extends down to the troposphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, the interannual change of stronger polar night jets causes a similar variation pattern even in the experiment without polar ozone losses.The surface portion of the above annular pattern is called to the Arctic Oscillation (AO). We have examined the reality of the AO on the basis of data analyzes over 50 years. Results show that the AO consists of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Pacific/North American (PNA) pattern which are almost independent each other. Therefore, the AO seems to be an apparent pattern. It is also found that the annular pattern observed in the stratosphere is connected only with the NAO near the surface.To conclude, we have revealed that the large ozone depletion in the stratosphere could induce general circulation changes throughout the stratosphere and troposphere. We must further investigate future evolution of the ozone depletion and its influence on general circulation changes.

臭氧层空洞于20世纪70年代末出现在南极平流层下部，并在每年南半球春季早期形成。此外，近年来早春，北极上空也出现了大量的臭氧消耗现象。因此，我们利用大气环流模式研究了大气环流和气候的年际变化及其与极地平流层臭氧损失的关系。由此产生的平流层大气环流的年际变化大于没有极地臭氧损失的实验，这与极地平流层臭氧变化引起的紫外线加热的变化密切相关。年际变化的空间格局表现为平流层北极和中纬度之间的环状拉锯，并向下延伸到对流层。在南半球，即使在没有极地臭氧损失的实验中，较强的极地夜间急流的年际变化也会引起类似的变化模式，这种环状模式的表面部分称为北极涛动(AO)。我们在50多年的数据分析的基础上考察了AO的现实情况。结果表明，北大西洋涛动(NAO)和太平洋/北美涛动(PNA)型几乎是相互独立的。因此，AO似乎是一种明显的模式。研究还发现，在平流层观察到的环型只与近地面的NAO有关。综上所述，我们揭示了平流层中大量的臭氧消耗可以引起整个平流层和对流层的大气环流变化。我们必须进一步研究臭氧消耗的未来演变及其对大气环流变化的影响。