Molecular understanding and diagnosis of human cancer through the structural, functional and expression analysis of cancer related genes.

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For the molecular diagnosis of human cancer, novel molecular targets were identified and a useful technique was developed through the genetic analysis of human cancer cells as well as the host individuals. Using RNA difference plot, a highly quantitative method to identify allele-specific gene expression that we have developed previously, we found that the allele-specific expression of the responsible genes for familial cancer were well correlated with the phenotypic variation in the carriers of the relevant gene mutations. Furthermore, we found that a cell adhesion molecule, CADM1, and its binding partner, 4.1B, act as tumor suppressors in human non-small cell lung cancer and renal clear cell carcinoma, whereas CADM1 was ectopically overexpressed in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). In ATL, CADM1 associated with Tiam1 and enhanced the cell mobility through activation of Rac, providing a possible molecular cascade for suppressing the invasion of ATL.