Deciphering inter-individual response profiles to a Positive Interaction Paradigm (PIP)

解读积极互动范式 (PIP) 的个体间反应概况

• 批准号: 500663134
• 负责人: Professor René Hurlemann, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/500663134?language=en
• 关键词: Deciphering; inter; individual; response; profiles

Positive social interactions confer anxiolytic effects and attenuate physiological stress responses. However, these salubrious effects differ between individuals depending on previous bonding experiences. In fact, dysfunctional interpersonal behavior has been identified as a key mediator of the dramatically increased risk for psychopathology after childhood trauma. While there are several tasks to induce negative emotions in social contexts and quantify the stress-induced responses, there is a surprising paucity of validated experimental paradigms to assess inter-individual differences in the neuro-hormonal response profiles to positive social interactions in a controlled setting. The present project was therefore designed to establish a standardized Positive Interaction Paradigm (PIP) and gauge the predictive validity of PIP-induced behavioral, hormonal, psychophysiological and neural changes for social interactions and perceived stress in the following two weeks. Specifically, in Study 1, we plan to examine interpersonal synchrony of response profiles in a naturalistic PIP with two participants (pPIP) and an experimenter-controlled PIP (ePIP) and compare the outcomes to a control condition without social interaction. To probe the long-term effects of early life experiences on the neuro-hormonal response to positive social interactions, healthy participants with varying levels of childhood trauma will be recruited. The impact of different trauma types (intentional vs. accidental), developmental timing, number and duration of traumata will be explored. In Study 2, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine inter-individual differences in the neural after-effects of the ePIP relative to the control condition. We will focus on two readouts that are known to be altered in individuals with childhood trauma: (i) amygdala activation during an emotional face matching task and (ii) sensory cortical activations in response to interpersonal touch. We hypothesize that the trauma-associated amygdala and sensory hyperreactivity will be alleviated after the positive social interaction experience. Collectively, by providing norm values for response profiles to positive social interactions, the planned project can lay the experimental framework to improve the evaluation of social dysfunctions and novel targeted interventions in patients with psychological disorders.

积极的社会互动具有抗焦虑作用并减弱生理应激反应。然而，这些有益的影响在个体之间是不同的，这取决于之前的结合经历。事实上，功能失调的人际行为已被确定为儿童创伤后精神病理风险急剧增加的关键中介。虽然在社会环境中诱发负面情绪和量化压力诱发反应的任务有很多，但在受控环境中评估积极社会互动中神经激素反应谱的个体差异的有效实验范式却令人惊讶地缺乏。因此，本项目旨在建立一个标准化的积极互动范式（PIP），并衡量PIP诱导的行为、激素、心理生理和神经变化对接下来两周的社会互动和感知压力的预测有效性。具体而言，在研究1中，我们计划检验两名参与者（pPIP）和实验者控制的PIP （ePIP）在自然主义PIP中的反应特征的人际同步性，并将结果与没有社会互动的控制条件进行比较。为了探究早期生活经历对积极社会互动的神经激素反应的长期影响，将招募具有不同程度童年创伤的健康参与者。将探讨不同创伤类型（故意与意外）、发育时间、创伤数量和持续时间的影响。在研究2中，我们将使用功能磁共振成像来检查ePIP相对于对照条件的神经后效的个体差异。我们将重点关注两种已知在童年创伤个体中发生改变的读数：(i)在情绪面部匹配任务期间的杏仁核激活和（ii）对人际接触的感觉皮层激活。我们假设创伤相关杏仁核和感觉过度反应在积极的社会互动经历后会得到缓解。总的来说，通过提供对积极社会互动的反应谱的规范值，计划中的项目可以奠定实验框架，以改进对心理障碍患者的社会功能障碍的评估和新的针对性干预措施。