Formation Process and Economic Functions of Intermediate Organizations; Historical and Theoretical Studies on Asia and Africa

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This project analyzes the role of intermediate organization in establishing efficient and inclusive market order both theoretically and empirically. The theoretical group examined the role of intermediate organizations first in the context of complementarity and substitutability with the role of government and pointed out the importance of trust in the organization of intermediate organizations. The group also investigated the efficiency implications of the entry and exit decision by members of intermediate organizations. The scope of empirical group was multifarious. In the context of African and Asian, including Japanese, economic system, role of organizations such as ethnic groups, religious organizations, financial institutions as well as business industrial associations was examined. Although the conclusions were diverse, all of the study confirmed the effectiveness of intermediate organizations in enhancing the degree of inclusiveness.