Distributive Conflicts and Economic Development in Asian Perspective

私人部门的分配冲突通常不会在私人部门内自行解决，而往往涉及政府干预。本研究通过对私人部门分配冲突的聚集方式和政府对分配冲突的反应方式进行了历史和比较研究，发现国家与私人部门在分配冲突方面的界面在不同国家和地区以及不同历史阶段之间存在很大差异。在二战后的日本，私人部门的分配需求由每个行业的利益代表，政府通过为每个行业指定具体的部门来回应这一点。在二战后的巴西，分配冲突表现为阶级利益或生产要素所有权。政府对此的反应是干预最低工资的确定或其他措施。在东亚其他国家，类似日本的接口在20世纪80年代后也出现了，尤其是在泰国。然而，在韩国，阶级之间的分配冲突在战后不断加剧，分配冲突的公私部门界面模式对宏观经济的稳定和经济的整体治理有着重要的影响。我们研究了巴西的通货膨胀与界面的关系，以及日本1990年以后的泡沫破裂与之前高增长时期的界面形态的关系。

Distributive conflicts in the private sector do not usually complete themselves within the private sector, but quite often involves government intervention. This study has conducted a historical and comparative investigation about how distributive conflicts in the private sector is aggregated and how the government responded to the distributive conflicts.The state-private sector interface regarding distributive conflicts differs considerably among countries and regions as well as among historical phases of each country. In Japan after WWII, distributive demand by the private sector was represented by the interests of each industry, and the government responded to this by specifying specific bureaus for each industry. In Brazil after WWII, distributive conflicts was represented by the interests of classes or by the ownership of production factors. The government responded this by intervening into minimum wage determination or other measures. In other countries in East Asia, interface similar to Japan has emerged after the 1980s, especially in Thailand. However, in Korea distributive conflicts among classes have been intensified throughout the postwar years.The pattern of state-private sector interface regarding distributive conflicts has significant bearings on the macroeconomic stability as well as on the overall governance of the economy. We have investigated how inflation is related to the interface in the Brazilian case, and how the bubble burst in Japan after 1990 has been related to the pattern of interface in the preceding high-growth-era.