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Molecular mechanism of flexible development and differentiation in plants

植物灵活发育和分化的分子机制

基本信息

批准号：
13CE2005
负责人：
MATSUOKA Makoto
金额：
$ 602.59万
依托单位：
NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for COE Research
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

○Study on molecular mechanism of plant growthWe identified a receptor of gibberellin (GA). which is an important growth phytohormone. The GAreceptor interacts with bioactive GAs at a reasonable concentration. The binding GA to the receptor induces the interaction between GID1 and a DELLA protein, which functions as a negative factor of GA signaling. Cytokinin is another growth phytohomone. We identified the three genes encoding cytokinin receptors and investigated their relevant in planta functions. We also revealed that a grain number in rice is controlled by the level of cytokinin in the floral meristems. Using the graining number gene, we increased the grain number of Koshihikari, the top rice leading variety of Japan. We identified a set of components (or genes), named PRRs, which play coordinately essential roles within (or dose to) the Arabidopsis circadian clock that is important for the control of the flowering time in plants. We also identified a receptor of plant peptide hormone, pktosulfokine, discovered by us.○Study on molecular mechanism of plant response to physical environments.We found characteristic properties of five cation/H+ exchangers of rice. Ktr/HKTtype transporters were also found to be essential for the adaptation of plants and bacteria to salinity stress and high osmolality We also revealed that nitrate transporter genes are activated by multiple mechanisms involving nitrate and/or nitrite, and also that glutamine was shown to regulate nitrate transport activity at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels. For understanding of signal transduction of responses to hyperosmotic stress, we have identified an SnRK2 interacting protein that would function as a scaffold for signaling components.

○植物生长的分子机制研究我们鉴定了赤霉素（GA）受体。这是一种重要的生长植物激素。 GA 受体在合理浓度下与生物活性 GA 相互作用。 GA 与受体的结合诱导 GID1 和 DELLA 蛋白之间的相互作用，DELLA 蛋白是 GA 信号传导的负因子。细胞分裂素是另一种生长植物激素。我们鉴定了编码细胞分裂素受体的三个基因，并研究了它们与植物功能的相关性。我们还发现，水稻的粒数是由花分生组织中细胞分裂素的水平控制的。利用粒数基因，我们提高了日本顶级水稻品种“越光”的粒数。我们确定了一组称为 PRR 的组件（或基因），它们在拟南芥生物钟内发挥协调重要作用（或影响拟南芥生物钟，这对于控制植物的开花时间非常重要）。我们还鉴定了我们发现的植物肽激素受体pktosulfokine。○植物对物理环境响应的分子机制研究。我们发现了水稻的5种阳离子/H+交换体的特征性质。还发现 Ktr/HKT 型转运蛋白对于植物和细菌适应盐度胁迫和高渗透压至关重要。我们还发现，硝酸盐转运蛋白基因由涉及硝酸盐和/或亚硝酸盐的多种机制激活，并且谷氨酰胺在转录和翻译后水平上调节硝酸盐转运活性。为了了解高渗应激反应的信号转导，我们鉴定了一种 SnRK2 相互作用蛋白，它可以充当信号成分的支架。