Multidisciplinary Researches on the Societies of the Niger Bend

尼日尔河湾社会的多学科研究

• 批准号: 62043024
• 负责人: KAWADA Junzo
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1986 至 1987
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62043024/
• 关键词: Symbiotic Relationship; Natural and Cultural Conditions; Technological Change and Socio-cultural Change; Fishing Society; Pastoral Society; Agridultural Society; Hereditary Professional Groups; アラブ文化と黒人文化

The results obtained by our first field research carried out in 1986 are summarized as follows;1. Of important cultural tralts developed in the Niger Bend area through the contact between North-African Arab culture and Sub-Saharan African cultures, (1) equestrian culture, (2) weaving and clothing, (3) musical instruments, and (4) mud buiiding are examined.2. Of the fundamental physical movements observed in these societies, (1) standing work with the both knees fully extended, (2) carrying the burden on the head, and (3) usage of the limbs are analyzed.3. The cattle pastralist Fulani have established in Macina a symbiotic relationship with agricul- tural peoples. The social stratification of the Fulani society is studied in this symbiotic aspect.4. The problems and methods to study the symbiotic relation of the Bozo, a fishing and hunting tribe in the Niger Bend, with neighbouring agricultural peoples are examined in comparison with the case of Zaire.5. Many herders settled in the city … More continue to breed small animals, goats and sheep. This study analyzes the case of Segou.6. Drastic changes have been caused among the Bozo, both in technical and organizational domains, by the French colonization and by the politics taken since independence.7. Through changes caused in the fishing rechnique and by the extension of the fishing area, the traditional belief in the water spirits and the rights of the "Master of Water" habe been weakened concomitantly.8. Among the Bambara, initiation societies have important social and religious functions. This study analizes the case of the society 'kote'.9. In the societies of this area, the 'griots' hereditary and endogamous musicians and praise- singers, have the right to beg openly to the villagers. Their role in the rural society and the mechanism of begging are studied by an intensive case stydy.Thus, by the field research of the first yrear of our project, we could clarify some aspects of these multi-ethnic symbiotic societies mainly in the western part of this area. We intend to deepen the study in this direction, in extending at the same time the field of our research into the cintral and eastern parts of the Niger Bend. Less

我们在1986年进行的第一次实地研究所获得的结果总结如下：1。通过北非阿拉伯文化与撒哈拉以南非洲文化的接触，在尼日尔弯曲地区形成了重要的文化遗产：（1）马术文化;（2）纺织与服装;（3）乐器;（4）泥地建筑.在这些社会中观察到的基本身体运动中，分析了（1）双膝完全伸展的站立工作，（2）头上的负担，（3）四肢的使用。畜牧业者富拉尼人在马奇纳与农业民族建立了共生关系。富拉尼社会的社会分层是在这个共生的方面进行研究的。与扎伊尔的情况相比，研究尼日尔弯曲的渔猎部落Bozo与邻近农业民族的共生关系的问题和方法得到了审查。许多牧民在城里定居下来 ...更多信息 继续饲养小动物，山羊和绵羊。本研究分析了Segou的案例。由于法国的殖民统治和独立以来的政治斗争，博佐人在技术和组织方面都发生了巨大的变化。随着捕鱼技术的变化和捕鱼面积的扩大，传统的水神信仰和“水主”的权利也随之削弱。在班巴拉人中，启蒙社团具有重要的社会和宗教功能。本研究分析的情况下，社会'风筝'。在这个地区的社会中，“griots”世袭和同族通婚的音乐家和赞美歌手有权公开向村民乞讨。通过深入的个案研究，我们可以了解到这些多民族共生社会的某些方面，尤其是西部地区的多民族共生社会。我们打算深化这方面的研究，同时将我们的研究领域扩大到尼日尔弯曲的中部和东部。少