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Contrastive studies on discourse functions of the deteminers in Japanese, French and English in the framework of the Mental Space Theory

心理空间理论框架下日语、法语、英语限定词的话语功能对比研究

基本信息

批准号：
08837005
负责人：
SAKAHARA Shigeru
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I have shown a surprising parallelism of behavior in spite of the difference in meaning between bare nouns in Japanese and definite noun phrases in English, and explained it in tems of discourse prodessing. Linguistic input is processed in relation to the discourse resources consisting of three distinct data bases : general knowledge, utterance situation and discourse memory. Discourse memory is further divided in three subdomains : linguistic data memory, linguistic understanding memory, and long-term discourse memory.For each of these five domains, some means must be available for identifying elements there. Pronouns can only search in the linguistic data memory and demonstratives, in the utterance situation or the linguistic data memoty. Definites in English and bare nouns in Japanese usually express roles with parameters left unspecified. They yield values when the parameters are specified, but they don't tell how to identify the appropriate parameters. This underdetemination is exactly what is meeded for them to be able to operate a search in any of the domains within the discourse resources. If any language needs a means to signal this kind of default search and if only bare nouns in Japanese and definites in English can fulfill this, they will certainly assume it. We thus hypothesize that the parallelism of behavior of definites in English and bare nouns in Japanese comes from this kind of general principle of language.

尽管日语中的裸名词和英语中的确定名词短语在意义上存在差异，但我在行为上表现出惊人的相似之处，并用语篇推进的主题对其进行了解释。语言输入是根据语篇资源进行处理的，语篇资源由三个不同的数据库组成：常识、话语情景和语篇记忆。语篇记忆又分为三个子领域：语言数据记忆、语言理解记忆和长期话语记忆，对于这五个领域中的每一个领域，都必须有一些识别元素的方法。代词只能在语料记忆和指示词中搜索，在话语情境或语料记忆中搜索。英语中的定义词和日语中的光秃秃的名词通常表示角色，但没有具体说明参数。当指定参数时，它们会产生值，但它们不会告诉如何标识适当的参数。这正是他们能够在话语资源内的任何领域中进行搜索所需要的。如果任何一种语言需要一种手段来表示这种默认搜索，如果只有日语中的赤裸裸的名词和英语中的定义词可以满足这一要求，他们肯定会这样做。因此，我们假设英语中定语的行为与日语中的裸词行为的平行来自于这种普遍的语言原则。