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Development and intervention program of discourse in children with communication disorders

沟通障碍儿童话语发展与干预方案

基本信息

批准号：
08837006
负责人：
NAGASAKI Tsutomu
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba (1997-1998)Tokyo Gakugei University (1996)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08837006/
关键词：
discourse unit question about making a choice routine a snack routine child with Down syndrome ルーティーン場面ダウン症工作場面欲求意図幼児会語話用論言語指導発達障害児

项目摘要

This study examined discourse process of normal children and intervention programs for children with developmental disorders. In experiment I, understanding desire of others in children were analyzed. Two to three years children tended to identify desire of self with others. Four to five years children could understand the autonomy of desire of others . In experiment II, two Down's syndrome children had intervention programs of understanding desire of others in making crafts routines and snack routines. In later period, they got to be able to ask others for their desires properly . In experiment III, 2 to 3 years normal children and MLU matched children with Down syndrome was observed in script-based interaction (a snack routine) and free play interaction with their mothers. As a result, more complex speech like time differenced talk were occurred in a snack routine. Children with Down syndrome used a fewer future talking. In experiment IV, 10-20 months normal children and MA matched children with Down syndrome was observed in a snack routine with experimenter. As a result, in the early period, they acquired core constituent of a snack script and in the later period, they acquired detail constituent of it. Relative to MA matched to normal children, children with Down syndrome showed delay in acquisition of a snack script, In experiment V, a 6-year-old girl with Down syndrome was taught communication skills in the context of a mimic fast food restaurant routine. In the latter period , she got to be able to make a choice foods in answering to a verbal question The subject also showed generalization in ordering foods at the fast food restaurant in the town.

本研究考察了正常儿童的话语加工过程和发展障碍儿童的干预方案。实验一分析了儿童理解他人的愿望。2 ~ 3岁儿童的自我欲望倾向于与他人认同。4 ~ 5岁儿童能够理解他人的自主欲望。在实验二中，两名唐氏综合症儿童在制作工艺程序和零食程序时接受了理解他人愿望的干预方案。到了后期，他们才能正确地向别人提出自己的愿望。在实验III中，2至3岁的正常儿童和MLU匹配的唐氏综合征儿童观察了基于脚本的互动（零食常规）和自由游戏与他们的母亲的互动。结果，更复杂的语音，如时差谈话，发生在一个小吃例程。患有唐氏综合症的儿童较少使用未来谈话。在实验四中，10-20个月的正常儿童和MA匹配的唐氏综合征儿童与实验者在零食常规观察。结果表明，在早期阶段，他们获得了零食脚本的核心成分，在后期，他们获得了它的细节成分。相对于MA匹配正常儿童，唐氏综合症儿童在获得零食脚本方面表现出延迟。在实验V中，一个6岁的唐氏综合症女孩在模仿快餐店的日常生活的背景下被教导沟通技巧。在后一阶段，她能够在回答口头问题时选择食物。在镇上的快餐店点餐时，被试也表现出泛化。