An Assessment of Integrated Energy System Focusing on Transportation Fuels

众所周知，汽车对能源和环境问题都有影响。近年来，混合动力（HE）汽车和电动汽车（EV）等新能源汽车被开发出来，以缓解这些问题。甲醇（MC）和燃料电池（FC）汽车也有望在下一代。然而，对这些新技术的评估应涉及整个交通系统以及其他能源供应系统的观点。（1）在考虑使用平衡条件约束的两阶段城市道路交通模型上，以总运输成本和CO2排放量为优化目标，对纯电动车和纯电动车进行了评价，（2）在综合燃料过程的宏观系统中对燃料电池和甲醇燃料进行了评价，结果表明，新技术汽车主要用于城市交通，减少道路上的停车车辆实质上造成了能源和环境问题，并且甲醇汽车将减轻未来的燃料供应问题。

It is well known that automobiles affect on both energy and environmental issues. Such new energy vehicles as hybrid-engine(HE) cars and electric vehicles (EV) are recently developed to mitigate them. Methanol (MC) and fuel-cell (FC) cars are also expected in the next generation. However, the assessment of these new technologies should involve the views of whole transportation system as well as the other energy supply systems.This study consists of two stages : (1) HE and EV are assessed on the 2-stage urban road transportation model to optimize total transportation cost and CO2 emission involving userequilibrium conditions as constraints, and (2) FC and methanol fules are evaluated in the context of long range macro system dealing with integrated fuel processes.The results provide that new technology vehicles contribute mainly in the urban transportation, that reducing parking car on roads contributes energy and environmental issues substantially and that methanol cars will mitigate future fuel supply issues.