Study of vesicles produced from Porptyromonas gingvalis as a putative virulence factor

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Extracellular vesicles of Porptyromonas gingivalis were isolated and studied to elucidate the pathogenesis. The vesicles were obtained from anaerobic culture, after differential centrifugation, and ultrafiltration using Amicon membrane filter XM300. When observed by electron microscopy, vesicles ware 30 to 450nm in diameter, and surrounded by outer membrane of a host cell which containing LPS. The vesicles induced production of inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF α , and type 1 collagenase in cultured NHDF-731 cells, except of IL-1β. When RAW264 cells were stimulated with the vesicle, the cells produced nitrogen oxide (NO) into a culture medium in the dose dependent manner. The results indicate that the vesicles from P. gingivalis had high potency of vilurence, and it thought to be not only a fragment of the cell wall but also an inducing trigger of inflammatory cytokines, nitrogen oxide and tissue degrading enzyme in host tissues. Thus, the vesicle may play as an important vilurence factor in the progress of periodontal diseases.