A Study on the Internal Migration in Japan

日本国内移民研究

• 批准号: 09680153
• 负责人: ARAI Yoshio
• 金额: $ 1.73万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09680153/
• 关键词: migration; residential mobility; return migration; peripheral regions; Miyazaki Prefecture; Nagano Prefecture; Tokyo metropolitan area; cohort; コ-ホ-ト

In rapid economic growth period of post-W.W.II Japan, many youngsters migrated to metropolitan areas abundant in various jobs. They afterwards moved their dwellings within metropolitan areas and some of them returned to their home prefectures (that is 'U-turn' migration).These processes, however, has not been satisfactory clarified mainly due to a lack of migration history data. In this study we conducted a questionnaire survey and inspected about five thousand migration histories of male graduates from the high schools in Nagano and Miyazaki Prefectures (1956- 1958, 1966-1968 and 1976-1978 graduates). The principal results of analyses are summarized as follows.First, the rate of U-turn migration from the three largest metropolitan areas to Nagano and Miyazaki was progressively higher for the younger generation. Most U-turn migrants returned to the municipality where they had grown up in the cases of the two prefectures. And this tendency becoming gradually stronger for the younger generation.Next, we proved that the birthplace of a man's wife was a key factor to decide in favor of U-turn migration, although this decision was also affected by his educational background and whether he is the eldest son or not.In terms of the timing of the U-turn movement with a job change, it was revealed that the majority of the migrants returned to their birthplaces within five to eight years after their first getting job. Therefore, we can conclude that U-turn migration is an option that young migrants from rural regions may choose at the first turning point in their careers, without severe restriction on occupation or residence.

二战后日本经济高速增长时期，许多年轻人迁移到各种工作丰富的大城市地区。后来他们在都市区内迁居，部分人返回家乡（即“掉头”迁移）。然而，主要由于缺乏迁移历史数据，这些过程并没有得到令人满意的澄清。本研究对长野县和宫崎县的高中男性毕业生（1956-1958年、1966-1968年和1976-1978年毕业生）进行了问卷调查，调查了约5000名男性毕业生的迁徙历史。主要分析结果如下： 首先，年轻一代从三大都市圈掉头迁移到长野和宫崎的比例逐渐升高。在这两个县的案例中，大多数掉头移民返回了他们长大的城市。而这种趋势在年轻一代中逐渐增强。接下来，我们证明了男性的妻子的出生地是决定是否进行掉头移民的关键因素，尽管这一决定也受到他的教育背景以及是否是长子的影响。在跳槽与工作变动的时间方面，我们发现，大多数移民在第一次工作后的五到八年内返回了他们的出生地。因此，我们可以得出结论，掉头移民是农村青年在职业生涯第一个转折点时可能选择的一种选择，职业和居住地不受严格限制。

项目成果

Esaki, Y., Arai, Y. and Kawaguchi, T.: "Return Migration from Major Metropolitan Areas to Nagano Prefecture."Geographical Review of Japan Ser. A. 72. 645-667 (1999)

Esaki, Y.、Arai, Y. 和 Kawaguchi, T.：“从主要大都市区到长野县的回归移民”。《日本地理评论》系列。

川口 太郎: "大都市圏における地方出身世帯の住居移動"明治大学人文科学研究所紀要. (印刷中). (2000)

川口太郎：“都市地区农村家庭的居住流动”明治大学人文研究所通报（2000年出版）。

江崎雄治: "地方圏出身者の還流移動-長野県および宮崎県出身者の事例-"人文地理. 52(印刷中). (2000)

江崎裕二：“农村地区人口的回归——长野县和宫崎县的人口案例”，《人文地理学》52（出版中）。

江崎雄治: "人口還流現象の実態とその要因-長野県出身男性を例に-"地理学評論. 72. 645-667 (1999)

江崎雄二：“人口遣返现象的现实及其因素——以长野县人为例”《地理评论》72. 645-667 (1999)。

川口太郎: "大都市圏における地方出身世帯の住居移動"明治大学人文科学研究所紀要. (印刷中). (2000)

川口太郎：“都市地区农村家庭的居住流动”明治大学人文研究所通报（2000年出版）。