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Regulation of physiological properties by endocrire system in migrating fishes

洄游鱼类内分泌系统生理特性的调节

基本信息

批准号：
59390010
负责人：
HIRANO Tetsuya
金额：
$ 8.77万
依托单位：
Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1984
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1984 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-59390010/
关键词：
fish migration osmoregulation reproduction behavior endocrine system arowth hormone

项目摘要

The present project of research has been held in 1984 and continued for 3 years in order to deeply underestand the mechanisms underlying the migration of fishes with special reference to (1) osmoregulatory mechanism, (2) migration and reproduction, and (3) migrating behavior. From our studies using fishes which are migrating in the ocean or fresh water to seawater and vice versa, the following findings were newly obtained.(1) Osmoregulatory mechanism: It was found that prolactin, well-known trigger of the freshwater adaptation of fishes, has another important role on the reproduction of anadromous fishes during migration. In addition, it was also found that growthhormone contributes to not only the growth but also the seawater adaptation of fishes during the migration. The detailed mode of actions of both hormones in the osmoregulatory process was investigated using modern technigues, for example radioimmunoassay or immunohistochemistry.(2) Migration and reproduction: The contribution of endocrine system to this subject has be poorly understood for a long period. Our research project recently demonstrated the contributic of both sex steroid and thyroid hormones to the catadromous migration. The former acts as a suppressor and the latter as an inducer of this phenomenon. From another stand point, the mechanism underlying the maturation of oocytes and spermatozoa were investigated. It was clearly shown that gonad stimulating hormone induces the vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation through the synthesis of steroid hormones such as estradiol, 17 <alpha> 20 <beta> -dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one and cyclic nucleotides. Contribution of cAMP-dependent phosphorylation process in the initiatic of sperm motility was also clearly demonstrated.(3) Behavior; Effects of terrestial magnetism or underwater magnetism on the recurrent migration to the river in chum salmon or eating responce of catfish were investigated and these studies are now progressing successfully.

本课题于1984年启动，为期3年，旨在深入了解鱼类洄游的机制，重点研究：(1)渗透调节机制，(2)洄游与繁殖，(3)洄游行为。从我们对从海洋或淡水迁移到海水和从海水迁移到淡水的鱼类的研究中，我们获得了以下新发现。(1)渗透调节机制：研究发现，催乳素作为鱼类淡水适应的触发器，在洄游过程中对溯河鱼类的繁殖具有重要作用。此外，还发现生长激素不仅对鱼类的生长有贡献，而且对洄游过程中的海水适应也有贡献。两种激素在渗透调节过程中的详细作用模式使用现代技术进行了研究，例如放射免疫测定或免疫组织化学。(2)迁徙和繁殖：长期以来，人们对内分泌系统在这一主题中的作用知之甚少。我们的研究项目最近证明了性类固醇和甲状腺激素对地下迁移的贡献。前者起抑制作用，后者起诱导作用。从另一个角度探讨了卵母细胞和精子成熟的机制。结果表明，促性腺激素通过合成雌二醇、17 < α bbb20 < β > -二羟基-4-孕-3- 1和环核苷酸等甾体激素诱导卵黄细胞形成和卵母细胞成熟。camp依赖性磷酸化过程在精子运动启动中的作用也得到了清楚的证明。(3)行为;研究了陆地磁性和水下磁性对大马哈鱼洄游和鲶鱼进食反应的影响，并取得了一定的进展。