Mechanism of Synthesis and Secretion of Growth Hormone and its Mode of Actions in Telest Fishes

鱼类生长激素的合成、分泌机制及其作用方式

• 批准号: 02405003
• 负责人: HIRANO Tetsuya
• 金额: $ 14.02万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02405003/
• 关键词: Fishes; Growth hormone; Prolactin; Somatolactin; Receptor; Mode of action; Migration; Osmoregulation; 性成熟

The aim of this research project is to clarify mechanisms of secretion and mode of action of growth hormone(GH)and related peptides, prolactin(PRL)and somatolactin(SL), in teleost fishes with special reference to their life stages and environmental salinity. During the last 4 years, the following results were obtained.1.GH, PRL and SL were purified from pituitaries of various teleost species, and their amino acid sequences as well as the base sequences of cDNAs were determined.2.Specific radioimmunoassay, radioreceptorassay and in situ hybridization methods were established to monitor plasma and pituitary hormone levels and to quantify the levels of gene expression for each of he hormones.3.Based on plasma kinetic studies and secretion of the hormones from organcultured pituitary, it has become clear that GH plays an important role in seawater adaptation of salmonid fishes, besides growth promotion.4.PRL's freshwater-adapting effects are well established in various species used in this study. On the other hand, SL seems to be involved in calcium and lipid metabolism as well as in acid-base balance.5.As in mammals, GH's action is exerted primarily by inducing the production of insulin-like growth factor(IGF-I)in the liver also in teleosts. However, seawater-adapting effects of GH are likely to be caused by locally-produced IFG-I in the gill, possibly inducing the differentiation of the chloride cells.

本研究旨在阐明硬骨鱼生长激素（GH）及其相关肽催乳素（PRL）和生长肌动素（SL）的分泌机制和作用方式，并特别参考它们的生命阶段和环境盐度。在过去的4年里，取得了以下结果：从不同硬骨鱼种类的垂体中纯化出GH、PRL和SL，并测定了它们的氨基酸序列和cdna的碱基序列。建立了特异性放射免疫测定法、放射受体测定法和原位杂交法来监测血浆和垂体激素水平，并量化每种激素的基因表达水平。通过对血浆动力学和垂体激素分泌的研究表明，生长激素除了促进生长外，还在鲑科鱼类的海水适应中起重要作用。PRL的淡水适应效应在本研究中使用的各种物种中都得到了很好的证实。另一方面，SL似乎参与钙和脂质代谢以及酸碱平衡。就像在哺乳动物中一样，生长激素的作用主要是通过诱导肝脏中胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-I）的产生来发挥作用，在硬骨鱼中也是如此。然而，生长激素的海水适应效应可能是由鳃中局部产生的IFG-I引起的，可能会诱导氯细胞的分化。

项目成果

Sakamoto, T., M.Iwata and T.Hirano: "Kinetic studies of growth hormone and prolactin during adaptation of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, to different salinities" Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 82. 184-191 (1991)

Sakamoto, T.、M.Iwata 和 T.Hirano：“银鲑鱼 Oncorhynchus kisutch 适应不同盐度过程中生长激素和催乳素的动力学研究”Gen. Comp.

de Jusus,E.G.,T.Hirano and Y.Inui: "The antimetamorphic effect of prolactin in the Japanese flounder." Gen.Comp.Endocrinol.93. 44-50 (1994)

de Jusus，E.G.，T.Hirano 和 Y.Inui：“日本比目鱼中催乳素的抗变态作用。”

Duan, C.and T.Hirano: "Stimulation of 35S-sulfate uptake by mammalian insulinlike growth factors I and II in cultured cartilages of the Japanese eel" J.Exp. Zool. 256. 347-350 (1990)

Duan, C. 和 T.Hirano：“在日本鳗鱼培养软骨中，哺乳动物胰岛素样生长因子 I 和 II 对 35S-硫酸盐的摄取的刺激”J.Exp。

Hirano, T., T.Sakamoto and I.Mori: "Hepatic growth hormone receptors in the eel and trout" Oceanis. 18. 99-107 (1992)

Hirano, T.、T.Sakamoto 和 I.Mori：“鳗鱼和鳟鱼中的肝生长激素受体”Oceanis。

Varnavsky,V.S.et al.: "Stunting of wild coho salmon(Oncorhynchus Kesutch)in seawater;patterns of plasma thyroid hormones,cortisol and growth gormone" Canadian Jounal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 49. 458-461 (1992)

Varnavsky，V.S.等人：“海水中野生银鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus Kesutch）发育迟缓；血浆甲状腺激素、皮质醇和生长激素的模式”加拿大渔业和水生科学杂志。