Social Anthropological studies of Religion in North Okinawa

冲绳北部宗教的社会人类学研究

基本信息

批准号：
61301039
负责人：
YOSHIDA Teigo
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
University of the Sacred Heart
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Social anthropological investigations have been carried out with respect to the three areas of interest on the traditional religion in North Okinawa through analyses of social structure, rituals and cosmology.First, shinugu and other rituals, washing of human bones practiced as part of ancestral cults in such hamlets as Yasuda, Oku in north Okinawa Mainland, and Izena hamlet in the Island of Izena were investigated in connection with differential social structures in those hamlets. Apart from differences, similarities have been discovered between shinugu rituals in Okinawa and hunting rituals performed by Okinawan aborigines. This will stimulate further comparative studies.Second, various rituals including unjami (rituals centering around the sea goddess), rituals of abundance, tug-of-wra festivals, etc, have been investigated in Naho hamlet in Iheya Island, Bise hamlet in Motobu-cho, Hiji and other hamlets in Kunigami Village. As a result of these studies the notions of Nirai Kanai, visiting gods, ancestral spirits, mountain and sea deities, and of cardinal directions have been disclosed. Also, a variety of ritual symbols such as susuki (pampas leaves)and a dead rat placed in a papaya fruit were studied. The former is used for exorcising evils and the latter is a symbol of a wild boar sacrificing to the sea goddess to secure good catches of fish.Third, women shamans called yuta were intensively interviewed and investigated. It was discovered that yuta had been playing an important role in clarifying her clients' ambiguities related to their ancestral cults caused by the last war. Also, yuta repeatedly criticised the traditional rituals performed by priestesses in their hamlets, and reinterpreted and theorized Okinawan cosmology.

通过分析社会结构，礼仪和宇宙学的分析，已经对北冲绳的传统宗教感兴趣的三个领域进行了社会人类学调查。首先，Shinugu和其他礼节和其他礼节，洗涤人类骨骼，作为Oku in Yaseen in okinawabend in okinawa Mainland和Isnawa Mainland和Island of okinawa Mainland和Island of okinawa Mainland和Island of的人类骨骼的一部分。这些小村庄中有不同的社会结构。除了差异外，冲绳仪的Shinugu仪式与冲绳原住民进行的狩猎仪式之间还发现了相似之处。这将刺激进一步的比较研究。第二，包括Unjami（以海洋女神为中心的仪式），丰富的仪式，Wra festivals的仪式等各种仪式进行了调查，在Iheya岛的Naho Hamlet，Bise Hamlet，Motobu-Cho，Motobu-Cho，Hiji，Hiji and Hamlets and kunigami vishermi。这些研究的结果是，尼拉伊·卡纳（Nirai Kanai）的概念，拜访了神，祖先的精神，山和海神灵以及基本方向的概念。此外，还研究了各种仪式符号，例如Susuki（Pampas叶）和木瓜果实中的死鼠。前者用于驱除邪恶，后者是野猪牺牲了海洋女神以保护鱼类良好的象征。三分之二的女性萨满巫师被称为Yuta，接受了深入的采访和调查。据发现，尤塔（Yuta）在澄清客户与上一场战争造成的祖先邪教有关的歧义方面发挥了重要作用。此外，Yuta反复批评女祭司在小村庄中进行的传统仪式，并重新诠释和理论化的冲绳宇宙学。