A study on the middle and upper atmosphere dynamics

在中层大气计划(MAP；1982-85)基础上，对1986-88年三个财政年度的中高层大气动力学进行了理论、观测和资料分析的综合研究。五个相关的主题被分开调查，并通过我们主办或共同主办的20多个科学会议来寻求它们的综合。其中包括：1988年11月29日至12月2日在京都举行的第四届(国际)MST雷达讲习班；在东京举行的第一、第二和第三届中层大气讨论会；1986年、1987年和1988年在京都至东京举行的STE讨论会；在京都举行的赤道雷达会议；等等。得到的主要科学结果如下：[1]根据MU雷达的结果，从观测上证实了水平风变化的普遍垂直波数谱，从而可以得出结论，在LOWE…中产生的重力波较多的r层大气在向上传播时，其振幅增大，处处趋于饱和，导致中层大气动量流沉积和湍流激发。[2]MU雷达首次探测到亚洲地区的中纬度电离层。分析了电子密度、电子/离子温度和离子漂移速度的平均值和季节变化。MU雷达还探测到了由大亚暴产生的中尺度重力波。对中纬电离层磁场排列不规则性(FAI)进行了探测，并对其动力学特征进行了分析。[3]利用激光雷达和RASS技术对中层大气温度廓线进行遥感。激光雷达技术使在30-70公里高度范围内连续测量温度成为可能，而RASS技术可以在20公里以下测量温度。[4]在上述课题1-3结果的基础上，定量地研究了重力波对中层大气动力学的影响，并估计了向上传播的重力波引起的动力耦合效应，从而建立了一个新的中高层大气模式。[5]对一种新型赤道雷达进行了系统分析，结果表明，以我国现有的技术能力，构建大型MST雷达系统是可行的。较少

Based upon our scientific accomplishments the Middle Atmosphere Program (MAP;1982-85), a comprehensive study of the middle and upper atmosphere dynamics has been performed theoretically, observationally and from data analyses for the three fiscal year period of 1986-88. Five related subjects are investigated separately, and their synthesis is pursued through more than 20 scientific meetings which we either hosted ot co-sponsored. Some of them are: the Fourth (International) MST Radar Workshop held in November 29 - December 2,1988 in Kyoto; the First, Second, and Third Middle Atmosphere Symposia held in Tokyo; the STE Symposia of 1986, 87 and 88 held in either Kyoto to tTkyo; the Equatorial Radar Meetings held in Kyoto; and so forth. The principal scientific results obtained are as follows: [1] A universal vertical wavenumber spectrum of the horizontal wind variations is observationally confirmed from MU radar results so that one can conclude that the gravity waves generated in the lowe … More r atmosphere increase their amplitude and become saturated everywhere while propagating upwards, resulting in the momentum fiux deposit and turbulence excitation in the middle atmosphere. [2] The midlatitude ionosphere in the Asian sector is probed for the first time by the MU radar. The mean and seasonal variations of electron density, electron/ion temperature, and ion drift velocity are analyzed. Also a medium-scale gravity wave generated by a large substorm is detected by the MU radar. Midlatitude ionospheric field aligned irregularities (FAI) are detected and their dynamical features are analyzed. [3] Middle atmosphere temperature profiles are remotely sensed by lidar and RASS techniques. The lidar technique makes continuous measurements of the temperature in the 30-70 km height range feasible, while the RASS technique can measure it below 20 km. [4] Based upon the results as shown in the subjects 1-3 above, the gravity wave effects upon the middle atmosphere dynamics are quantitatively investigated, and the dynamical coupling effects caused by upward propagating gravity waves are estimated to construct a new atmospheric model of the middle and upper atmosphere. [5] System analyses of a new equatorial radar are made, and it is found that the construction of a large MST redar system is feasible with our current technical capabilities. Less