MOLECULAR ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF EVOLUTION OF IMMUNOLOGICAL MULTIGENE FAMILY

(1)比较了人与各种类人猿和猴子克隆的免疫球蛋白c-h基因。研究发现，除了点突变外，这些品系在进化过程中还经常发生基因复制和缺失等动态变化（ueda）。(2)利用脉冲场电泳技术，绘制了不同MHC单倍型的百万碱基水平分子图谱。结果表明，大尺度遗传结构对每个单倍型都有特异性，这些单倍型之间的大小差异可达200 KB （tokunaga）。(3)证实了人补体c6和c7基因的密切连锁。同时，对c6和c7在东亚5个人群（德永和本）中的遗传多态性进行了分析。(4)提出了一种构建hla分子系统发育树的方法（邻域连接法），并将其应用于hla基因频率（saitou）数据。(5)食蟹猴MHC基因的体细胞遗传学研究表明，该基因位于no .染色体上。6号染色体在形状和带型上与人类第1号染色体相似。6. (平)。

(1) THE CLONED IMMUNOGLOBULIN C-H GENES WERE COMPARED AMONG HUMAN AND VARIOUS ANTHROPOID APES AND MONKEYS. IT WAS FOUND THAT IN ADDITION TO POINT MUTATION MORE DYNAMIC CHANGES SUCH AS GENE DUPLICATION AND DELETION OCCURRED FREQUENTLY DURING THE EVOLUTION OF THESE LINES (UEDA). (2) USING PULSED-FIELD ELECTRO- PHORESIS, MOLECULAR MAPS OF MEGA BASE LEVEL OF VARIOUS MHC HAPLOTYPES WERE MADE. IT WAS SHOWN THAT THE LARGE SCALE GENETIC CONSTITUTION IS SPECIFIC TO EACH HAPLOTYPE, AND THERE WAS DIFFERENCE IN SIZE UP TO 200 KB AMONG THESE HAPLOTYPES (TOKUNAGA). (3) A CLOSE LINKAGE OF GENES OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT C6 AND C7 WAS CONFIRMED. ALSO, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF C6 AND C7 WERE EXAMINED IN 5 EAST ASIAN POPULATIONS (TOKUNAGA AND OMOTO). (4) A METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC TREE WAS DEVELOPED (NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD), AND APPLIED TO THE DATA OF HLA GENE FREQUENCY (SAITOU). (5) A SOMATIC CELL GENETICAL STUDY OF MHC GENES OF CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY SHOWED THAT THE GENES ARE LOCATED ON CHROMOSOME NO. 6 WHICH IS SIMILAR IN FORM AND BANDING PATTERN TO HUMAN CHROMOSOME NO. 6. (HIRAI).