MOLECULAR ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF EVOLUTION OF IMMUNOLOGICAL MULTIGENE FAMILY

(1)对克隆的人免疫球蛋白C-H基因与不同类人猿和猴的免疫球蛋白C-H基因进行比较。研究发现，在这些品系(UEDA)的进化过程中，除了点突变外，还会发生更多的动态变化，如基因复制和缺失。(2)利用脉冲场电泳法绘制了不同MHC单倍型的分子图谱。结果表明，每个单倍型的大规模遗传构成都是特定的，并且这些单倍型(Tokunaga)之间的大小存在差异，最大可达200kb。(3)证实了补体C6和C7基因的紧密连锁。此外，还检测了C6和C7在5个东亚群体(Tokunaga和Omoto)中的遗传多态性。(4)提出了一种构建分子系统树的方法(邻接法)，并将其应用于人类白细胞抗原基因频率(Saitou)数据。(5)食蟹猴MHC基因的体细胞遗传学研究表明，该基因位于第6号染色体上，其形态和带型与人类第6号染色体(平井)相似。

(1) THE CLONED IMMUNOGLOBULIN C-H GENES WERE COMPARED AMONG HUMAN AND VARIOUS ANTHROPOID APES AND MONKEYS. IT WAS FOUND THAT IN ADDITION TO POINT MUTATION MORE DYNAMIC CHANGES SUCH AS GENE DUPLICATION AND DELETION OCCURRED FREQUENTLY DURING THE EVOLUTION OF THESE LINES (UEDA). (2) USING PULSED-FIELD ELECTRO- PHORESIS, MOLECULAR MAPS OF MEGA BASE LEVEL OF VARIOUS MHC HAPLOTYPES WERE MADE. IT WAS SHOWN THAT THE LARGE SCALE GENETIC CONSTITUTION IS SPECIFIC TO EACH HAPLOTYPE, AND THERE WAS DIFFERENCE IN SIZE UP TO 200 KB AMONG THESE HAPLOTYPES (TOKUNAGA). (3) A CLOSE LINKAGE OF GENES OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT C6 AND C7 WAS CONFIRMED. ALSO, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF C6 AND C7 WERE EXAMINED IN 5 EAST ASIAN POPULATIONS (TOKUNAGA AND OMOTO). (4) A METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC TREE WAS DEVELOPED (NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD), AND APPLIED TO THE DATA OF HLA GENE FREQUENCY (SAITOU). (5) A SOMATIC CELL GENETICAL STUDY OF MHC GENES OF CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY SHOWED THAT THE GENES ARE LOCATED ON CHROMOSOME NO. 6 WHICH IS SIMILAR IN FORM AND BANDING PATTERN TO HUMAN CHROMOSOME NO. 6. (HIRAI).