ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND LINGUISTIC STUDY IN HAINAN ISLAND (2ND STUDY : SUMMARY)

海南岛的人类学和语言学研究（第二次研究：摘要）

• 批准号: 63043016
• 负责人: OMOTO Keiichi
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1984 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63043016/
• 关键词: Anthropometry; Population Genetics; Linguistics; Hainan Island; Li; Miao; Hui; フイ族

A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JAPANESE-CHINESE JOINT FIELD STUDY WAS CARRIED OUT FOR THE FIRST TIME, WHICH INCLUDES ANTHROPOMETRY, GENETICS AND LINGUISTICS. THE SUBJECTS WERE THREE NATIONAL MINORITY GROUPS OF HAINAN ISLAND: LI, MIAO AND HUI. ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY SHOWED THAT THESE GROUPS ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE IN TAIWAN, AND DIFFERENT FROM NORTH-EASTERN CHINESE OF JAPANESE. GENETIC STUDY SHOWED THAT GEI-LI AND BENTI-LI ARE SIMILAR TO EACH OTHER, BUT MIAO POPULATIONS ARE HETEROGENEOUS. LI IS CLOSELY RELATED TO ZHUANG OF YUNNAN, AND IN CLUSTER ANALYSIS THEY FORM A SOUTH CHINESE CLUSTER WITH MIAO, WHILE HUI BELONGS TO THE NORTHERN CLUSTER INCLUDING MONGOL, KOREAN AND JAPANESE. VERY HIGH INCIDENCES OF G6PD DEFICIENCY WERE FOUND IN LI AND MIAO, BUT NOT IN HUI. LINGUISTIC STUDIES ON MUN (ACTUALLY NOT MIAO BUT YAO LANGUAGE) AND 5 DIALECTS OF LI WERE ALSO MADE.

首次开展了一项多学科的日中联合田野研究，包括人体测量学、遗传学和语言学。研究对象为海南岛黎族、苗族、回族三个少数民族。人体测量研究表明，这些群体与台湾的相似，而不同于中国东北的日本人。遗传研究表明，格列里和本提黎相似，但苗族群体具有异质性。黎族与云南壮族血缘关系密切，在聚类分析中，黎族与苗族形成一个华南聚类群，回族则属于北方聚类群，包括蒙古族、朝鲜族和日本族。黎族、苗族G6PD缺乏症发生率较高，回族未见。对穆语(实际上不是苗语，而是瑶语)和黎族5种方言进行了语言学研究。