Studies on the mechanisms of specific induction of avenalumin, phytoalexin of oats

在研究燕麦植物抗菌素（avinalumin）对病原菌感染的诱导机制时，偶然发现精氨酸脱羧酶特异性抑制剂DL-< α >-二氟甲基精氨酸（DL-< α >- difluorom甲基精氨酸）可以阻止avinalumin的产生，而腐胺和尸胺多胺等阳离子二胺类化合物的代谢在各种胁迫下植物细胞的代谢转变中起着重要作用。因此，在甘露醇溶液中，多胺代谢与阿文铝蛋白积累之间的关系在燕麦组织中进行了研究，以应对不适应的锈病感染、victorin和渗透性休克。腐胺的增加明显与应激引起的avenalumin的积累平行。1,3-二氨基丙烷和精胺在抗锈病表达期也略有增加。精氨酸脱羧酶抑制剂DL-< α >-二氟甲基精氨酸能抑制应激诱导的pu . More trecine合成和avenalumin积累，而鸟氨酸脱羧酶抑制剂DL-< α >-二氟甲基精氨酸则不能，说明前者途径通过精氨酸激活。另一个有趣的事实是，外用二胺、腐胺和尸胺处理可以防止应力引起的燕麦叶片中avenalumin的积累。腐胺合成的内部上升也受到多阳离子化合物的抑制。对维多利处理叶片的蛋白质进行电泳分析，发现在翻译水平上的激活与阿芬铝蛋白和多胺代谢平行。在激发子victorin处理的叶片中，一条蛋白质带被大大增强，并发现了一条新的蛋白质带。对各种应激的刺激性识别触发了avenalumin积累和多胺合成的激活。结果表明，精氨酸脱羧酶在调节多胺代谢和avenalumin的产生中起重要作用。深入研究该酶的诱导作用对于了解avenalumin的产生机制是必要的

During the study of induction mechanisms of avenalumin, phytoalexin of oats, in response to pathogen infection, it happened to know that the production of avenalumin was prevented by DL-<alpha>-difluoromethylarginine, a specific inhibitor of arginine decarboxylase and the cationic diamine compounds such as putrescine and cadaverine Polyamine metabolism is known to play an important role in the metabolic shift of plant cells under various stresses. Thus, relationship between polyamine metabolism and the accumulation of avenalumin was examined in oat tissues responding to incompatible rust infection, victorin as elicitro, and osmotic shock in mannitol solutin. Putrescine apparently increased in parallel with the accumulation of avenalumin elicited by the stresses. 1,3-diaminopropane and spermine also slightly increased in the expression phase of resistance to rust infection. DL-<alpha>-difluoromethylarginine, an inhibitor of arginine decarboxylase, prevented the spress-induced riss in pu … More trescine synthesis and avenalumin accumulation, whereas DL-<alpha>-diffluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, did not, indicating the activation of the former pathway via arginine. Another interesting fact was the prevention of the stress-inuced accumulation of avenalumin in oat leaves by the treatment with exogenouslyapplied diamines, putrescine and cadaverine. Internal rise in putrescine synthesis was also inhibited by the polycationic compounds. Electroophoretic analysis of proteins in victorin-treated leaves was carried out to find out the activation at tlanslational level in parallel with avenalumin and polyamine metabolisms. A band of protein was greatly intensified and a new band was found in the leaves treated with the elicitor, victorin. Activation of avenalumin accumulation and polyamine syntheses is triggered by irritative recognition to various stresses. It was indicated that arginine decarboxylase played an important role to regulate the polyamine metabolism as well as avenalumin production. Intense study of the enzyme induction is necessary to understand the mechanisms of avenalumin production Less