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Cooperative research on biologicalcontrolofplantpest

植物害虫生物防治合作研究

基本信息

批准号：
11695074
负责人：
MAYAMA Shigeyuki
金额：
$ 4.84万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11695074/
关键词：
plant protection plant disease plant insect pest biologicalcontrol RQPR 生物防除

项目摘要

Current status in China of biological control of plant diseases and insect pest was studied. The recent development of biological research and application was summarized in the final report. We especially studied on biological control of tomato bacterial wilt by PGPR strain, Pseaudomonas fluorescence FPT9601. It was found that the strain could colonize within the root tissues of both monocot and dicot plants. They formed microcolonies in a concave portion in the root surface such as injured places from which bacterial pathogens can be easily invaded, indicating that the presence of PGPR strains in the portion seem to be appropriate for suppressing the pathogens. Once the bacteria were invaded in roots, an induced resistance was activated in plants. Flaggellin components of the bacteria were important factor for colonization and induction of defense response in plants. Also, 2,4-DAPG, diacetylphlorogrucinol, was found as a major antibacterial factor to suppress the bacteria wilt strain. On the other hand, the methods employed for biological control of insect pests have been studied in China. It was found that introduction of natural enemies, conservation, environment management for manipulation of natural enemies, augmentation and release of biological control agents have been developed and they greatly contribute to the improvement of the biological control in China.

对我国植物病虫害生物防治的现状进行了研究。最后总结了生物学研究和应用的最新进展。特别是对PGPR荧光假单胞菌FPT 9601对番茄青枯病的生防作用进行了研究。结果表明，该菌株能在单子叶和双子叶植物的根组织中定殖。它们在根表面的凹部形成小菌落，例如细菌病原体可以容易侵入的受伤部位，表明PGPR菌株在该部分的存在似乎适合于抑制病原体。一旦细菌侵入根部，植物体内的诱导抗性被激活。鞭毛蛋白组分是细菌在植物体内定殖和诱导防御反应的重要因素。此外，2，4-DAPG，二乙酰间苯三酚，被发现作为一个主要的抗菌因子，以抑制细菌枯萎菌株。另一方面，我国也在研究害虫生物防治的方法。结果表明，我国在天敌的引进、保护、环境管理、生防药剂的增效和释放等方面取得了一定的进展，为提高我国的生物防治水平做出了重要贡献。