Molecular mechanisms of the expression of cultivar-specific resistance in the crown rust of oats

燕麦品种特异性抗性表达的分子机制

• 批准号: 03660044
• 负责人: MAYAMA Shigeyuki
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03660044/
• 关键词: Disease resistance gene; Crown rust of oats; Phytoalexin; Victorin; Gene expression; さび病; 抵抗性遺伝子発現; エリシター; エリシタ-

The Pc-2 gene confers not only resistance in the crown rust of oats, but also the sensitivity to Helminthsporium victoriae and victorin, a host-specific toxin, produced by the patogen. It has been found that victorin can function as a specific elicitor for the production of avenalumin, phytoalexin of oats. Thus, it is considered that the Pc-2 vs victorin system used in the present study is a good model system for elucidation of molecular expression of the cultivar-specific resistance in the crown rust of oats.Genomic DNA library of oats carrying Pc-2 gene was prepared. Differential screening of a specific gene activated only in the treated was conducted by hybridizing the genomic library with mRNA extracted from the victorin-treated. Several induced genes were detected in the treated. CDNA was prepared from total m-RNA extracted from the victorin-treated. Northern blot hybridization of the m-RNA with cDNAs of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL), chalcone synthetase(CHS) and chalcone isomerase(CHI) indicated that PAL genes were activated by victorin-treatment, but not CHS and CHI genes. The pattern of PAL activation was parallel with the accumulation of avenalumin. It was also found that victorin treatment induced the increase of chitinase activity in the treated and a chitinase was found only in the victorin-treated leaves. Clonings of genes for PAL and chitinase of oats are now in progress.

Pc-2基因不仅对燕麦的冠锈病具有抗性，而且对维多利亚helminthspororium victoria和victorin（一种由病原体产生的宿主特有毒素）敏感。研究发现，维多利可以作为一种特殊的促子，促进燕麦的植物抗毒素阿芬铝蛋白的产生。因此，本研究使用的Pc-2 vs victorin系统是阐明燕麦冠锈病品种特异性抗性分子表达的一个很好的模型系统。建立了携带Pc-2基因的燕麦基因组DNA文库。通过将基因组文库与从victorin处理中提取的mRNA杂交，对仅在处理中激活的特定基因进行差异筛选。处理后，检测到多个诱导基因。从victorin处理的植株中提取总m-RNA制备CDNA。对m-RNA与苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、查尔酮合成酶（CHS）和查尔酮异构酶（CHI）的dna进行Northern blot杂交，结果表明，victorin可激活PAL基因，而CHS和CHI基因未被激活。PAL的激活模式与avenalumin的积累是平行的。结果表明，维多利菌素处理后，几丁质酶活性明显升高，且只在维多利菌素处理过的叶片中发现一种几丁质酶。燕麦PAL和几丁质酶基因的克隆目前正在进行中。

项目成果

真山 滋志: "ASSOCIATION OF AVENALUMIN ACCUMULATION WITH COSEGREGATION OF VICTORIN SENSITIVITY AND CROWN RUST RESISTANCE IN OAT LINES CARRYING THE Pc-2gene." Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology. (1993)

Shigashi Mayama：“携带 Pc-2 基因的燕麦品系中燕麦铝积累与 VICTORIN 敏感性和冠锈病抗性的关联”（1993 年）。

眞山 滋志: "Genetical basis of a specific elicitor in phytoalexin accumulation in oats." Plant Cell Walls as Biopolymers with Physiological Functions. 227-233 (1992)

Shigeshi Mayama：“燕麦植物抗毒素积累的特定诱导子的遗传基础”，作为具有生理功能的生物聚合物227-233（1992）。

真山 滋志: "Potential Elicitors for Auenalumin Accumulation in Oat leaves" 日本植物病理学会報. 57. 688-695 (1991)

Shigeshi Mayama：“燕麦叶中金铝积累的潜在诱导物”日本植物病理学会通报 57. 688-695 (1991)。

真山 滋志: "GENETICAL BASIS OF A SEPCIFIC ELICITOR IN PHYTOALEXIN ACCUMULATION IN OATS" Plant Cell Walls as Biopolymers with Physiological Functions(ed.by Y.Masuda). 227-233 (1992)

Shigashi Mayama：“燕麦中植物抗毒素积累的特异性引发剂的遗传基础”作为具有生理功能的生物聚合物的植物细胞壁（Y.Masuda 编辑）227-233（1992）。

Mayama, S.et al.: "Association of avenalumin accumulation with cosegregation of victorin sensitivity and crown rust resistance in oat lines carrying the Pc-2 gene." Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology. (1993)

Mayama, S.等人：“携带 Pc-2 基因的燕麦品系中燕麦铝积累与维克多林敏感性和冠锈病抗性共分离的关联。”