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Functional and morphological characteristics of venous system with special references in cardiovascular regulation

静脉系统的功能和形态特征，对心血管调节有特殊参考意义

基本信息

批准号：
61570039
负责人：
OHHASHI Toshio
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
Shinshu University School of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To elucidate the mode of venous transport, we have undertaken to study regional differences in mechanical characteristics of the isolated canine veins and the principles in the distritution of venous valves. There were marked regional differences in the venous distensibility. The non-uniform distensibility of venous walls was understood in terms of local differences in the architecture of elastic fiber components and the content of smooth muscle cells in the venous walls. The largest distensibility in all isolated canine veins was observed in the hilar portal vein. Activation of venous smooth muscles in the portal vein also caused the largest reduction of the distensibility in all veins. The anatomical and functional principles in the localization of venous valves were summarized as follows: (1) In the human, monkey, dog and rabbit venous systems the valves were always observed at the positions of the venous angles and the inguinal ligaments, but (2) were not found in the superior and inferior caval veins. (3) The numbers of venous valves in the deep intramuscular veins of human and monkey legs were greater than those in dog and rabbit legs. (4) When venous valves existed, a confluence of tributaries always could be found in the upstream compartmentof the main vein. (5) The venous valves were always found at the positions where the veins were compressed by extrinsic forces produced by the movement of joints and the stretch of tendons and fasciae. Regional and spieces differences in distribution of aminergic nerve fibers in monkey, dog and rabbit veins were als investigated by use of glyoxylic acid technique. In all animals, aminergic nerve fibers with varicoses innervated most densely in abdominal caval veins and portal veins. The decreasing order of the innervation density was as follows: monkey> dog> rabbit.

为了阐明静脉运输的模式，我们已经着手研究的区域差异的机械特性的离体犬静脉和在distretriment静脉瓣的原则。静脉扩张性存在明显的区域差异。静脉壁的不均匀扩张性是根据静脉壁中弹性纤维成分和平滑肌细胞含量的局部差异来理解的。在所有离体犬静脉中，门静脉的扩张性最大。门静脉中的静脉平滑肌的激活也引起所有静脉中扩张性的最大降低。本文总结了静脉瓣膜定位的解剖学和功能学原理：（1）在人、猴、狗和兔的静脉系统中，瓣膜常位于静脉角和腹股沟韧带处，而在上级和下腔静脉处未见瓣膜。(3)人和猴腿肌内深静脉的静脉瓣数目多于狗和兔腿。(4)当存在静脉瓣时，在主静脉上游区常可见到支流汇合。(5)静脉瓣常出现在关节运动和肌腱、筋膜牵拉所产生的外力压迫静脉的部位。本文用乙醛酸法研究了猴、狗和兔静脉中氨能神经纤维分布的区域性和种属差异。在所有动物中，静脉曲张的胺能神经纤维分布最密集的腹腔静脉和门静脉。神经支配密度的大小顺序为猴>狗>兔。