Organic-Inorganic Interactions in Kupferschiefer – How did organic matter control mineralization?

有机质（OM）经常与矿床联系在一起，但在很大程度上不被认为是一个共成因素。因此，需要新的基本见解来阐明在矿床形成过程中有机-无机相互作用的作用。本提案的目的是研究OM对“Kupferschiefer系统”中成矿过程的影响，该系统提供了“模拟”的潜力，也可以使用基于尖端分析技术的多代理方法来更广泛地了解层状贱金属硫化物矿床。自中世纪以来，“Kupferschiefer制”在经济上很重要。今天，波兰的采矿活动仍然存在，而德国的采矿活动基本上已经停止。然而，对于开采Spremberg矿床（Brandenburg, Saxony）有一些考虑，目前在Thuringia的钻探活动又开始了。德国和波兰的Kupferschiefer系统的一个特点是，它在很大程度上没有被升高的热应力覆盖，因此可以对有机质进行有机地球化学和成像分析。正是勃兰登堡南部、萨克森-安哈尔特和巴伐利亚西北部的低热成熟度（主要是早期油窗）使Kupferschiefer成为一个合适的天然实验室，通过外推，甚至可以作为具有较高热成熟度的旧系统的潜在模拟物，从而可以改进勘探、评价和开发工作。提出的多代理方法将填补研究中很大程度上缺乏微观尺度的有机-无机相互作用分析的基本空白。该项目概念结合了标准化的有机地球化学（例如，GC-MS）和成像技术（有机岩石学，SEM， TEM），以及最新的先进方法，如傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱（FT-ICR-MS），用于阐明有机NSO化合物的成矿过程。进一步的新方法将被应用，如扫描透射x射线显微镜（STXM）和分子成像质谱（MALDI-MSI），能够表征有机键合类型和空间分子的发生。

Organic matter (OM) is frequently associated with ore deposits, but is largely not considered as a co-genetic factor. Thus, new fundamental insights are required to elucidate the role of organic-inorganic interactions during the formation of ore deposits. It is the aim of this proposal to examine the impact of OM on the ore forming process in the “Kupferschiefer system”, which offers the potential to act as “analogue” also for a wider picture of stratiform base metal sulphide deposits using a multi-proxy approach based on cutting-edge analytical technologies. The “Kupferschiefer system” was economically important since the Middle Age. Today mining still exists in Poland whereas activities in Germany are mainly ceased. However, there are considerations about mining the Spremberg deposit (Brandenburg, Saxony) and currently drilling activities in Thuringia are in place again. A specific feature of the Kupferschiefer system in Germany and Poland is that it was largely not overprinted by elevated thermal stress, thus allowing organic geochemical and imaging analyses of the OM. It is this low thermal maturity (mainly early oil window) in southern Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt and northwestern Bavaria which makes the Kupferschiefer a suitable natural laboratory and -via extrapolation- a potential analogue even for older systems with higher thermal maturities, for which the exploration, evaluation and exploitation efforts can be improved. The proposed multi-proxy approach will fill a fundamental gap in studies that largely lack microscale-resolved analyses of organic-inorganic interactions. The project concept combines standardized organic geochemical (e.g., GC-MS) and imaging techniques (organic petrography, SEM, TEM) with up-to-date advanced methods like Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) for the elucidation of organic NSO compounds for ore formation processes. Further new methodologies will be applied such as scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and molecular imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-MSI), that enable the characterization of organic bonding types and spatial molecular occurrence.