Statistical Analyses on the Collisions with Fixed Objects and Development of Roadside Hazard Evaluation Model

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Single-vehicle accidents which include run-off-the-road accidents and collisions with fixed objects have been received little attension in the road safety research in Japan. However, it is clear that the possibility of occuoant fatality in this types of accident is significantly higher than other types of accidents. Present accident statistics indicate that much is to be done on the part of highway engineering to make the roadside space of the highway more safety, both in design concepts and implementations. Specific objectives of this research include: (1) to assess the effects of road and traffic factors on the frequency and severity; (2) to develop a model for estimating the probability of driver fatality; (3) to assess the effects of roadside fixed objects on the driver's eye movement; and (4) to develop the roadside hazard evaluation model. All of these items are tobe done for establisjing the bases of roadside safety design.The findings of this research are; (1) characteristics and contributed factors of the collisions with roadside fixed objects are shown, (2) logit type model for estimating the driver's fatality risk is developed, (3) relations between driver's eye movement and roadside hazards are given, and (4) roadside hazard evaluation model for estimating the risk of roadside fixed objects and for estimating the effectiveness of relocation of their objects is developed. All of these findings would be useful for establishing the roadside safety designs.