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Preparation and Properties of Fine Particles of Noble Metals by Spray-pyrolysis Technique

喷雾热解技术制备贵金属细颗粒及其性能

基本信息

批准号：
62550569
负责人：
KATO Akio
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62550569/
关键词：
Spray-pyrolysis Ag particle Pd particle Cu particle Electric conduction film 導電膜銀ペースト

项目摘要

Fine metal particles (Ag, Pd and Ag-Pd alloy) were prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique from metal nitrate, by spraying the aqueous solutions into the flame (H_2-O_2-N_2). There were three routes for the formation of metal particles depending on the flame temperature. When the flame temperature was lower than the melting point of the metal, the metal particles were nonspherical and hollow (route 1). When the flame temperature was above the melting point but not so high, the metal particles were formed via the melt and became perfactly spherical (route 2). When the flame temperature was so high that the evaporation of metal particles took place in large part, ultrafine metal particles were produced from the metal vapor (route 3). In routes 1 and 2, the particle sizes were determined mainly by the concentration of the metal nitrate solution. In route 3, the particle sizes were determined mainly by the feed rate of the metal nitrate.The properties of the electric conduction films prepared from the Ag powders produced by routes 2 or 3 were affected markedly by the particle size and dispersiveness of the Ag particles. Ag powders consisting of fine and highly dispersive particles could give thin films having low electrical resistances (thickness: 2.0-2.5 m, sheet resistivity: 11.6-18.1m /square, specific resistivity: 2.3-4.7 .cm).

以金属硝酸盐为原料，将其水溶液喷入H_2-O_2-N_2火焰中，采用喷雾热分解技术制备了Ag、Pd和Ag-Pd合金等金属微粒。根据火焰温度的不同，金属颗粒的形成有三条途径。当火焰温度低于金属的熔点时，金属颗粒呈非球形和空心状（路线1）。当火焰温度高于熔点但不太高时，金属颗粒通过熔体形成并变成完美的球形（路线2）。当火焰温度高到使金属颗粒大部分蒸发时，由金属蒸气产生超细金属颗粒（路线3）。在路线1和2中，粒径主要由金属硝酸盐溶液的浓度决定。在工艺路线3中，Ag颗粒的粒径主要取决于金属硝酸盐的加料速度，而工艺路线2和工艺路线3制备的Ag颗粒的粒径和分散性对导电膜的性能有显著影响。由细小且高度分散的颗粒组成的Ag粉末可以得到具有低电阻的薄膜（厚度：2.0-2.5 μ m，方电阻率：11.6- 18.1 μ m/平方，比电阻率：2.3-4.7 μ m）。