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Study on phyletic evolution and affinity relationship in the genus Diospyros.

柿属系统进化及亲缘关系研究.

基本信息

批准号：
62560021
负责人：
GEMMA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In Japan numerous cultivars of persimmon (D. kaki) have been grown for a long time. The history of their planting is said to be more than 1,000 years long according to authentic record. Concerning about their phylogeny and affinity relationship in the genus Diospyros including persimmon, we have known little knowledge. Thus, some investigations were carried out in order to clarify their problems.1. Numerical analytic approach was made on 94 morphological characters of 226 persimmon cultivars using multivariate technique; quantas type 3 analysis by a large computer. As result after numerical analysis, the economically important varieties were gathered up to each groups; 'Jiro' group, 'Fuyu" group, 'Gosho' group, and 'Saijo' group, respectively. Distinct difference in existence on the coordinates was recognized between their groups and other varieties. It showed that the varieties originated on Korea, China and Taiwan were included with a lot of other Japanese varieties.2. Next, the pubescences at ovary and young fruit of 194 persimmon cultivates were referred to this study and observed precisely with SEM (scanning electron microscope). Variation among the used cultivars was found indicating that many varieties which have pubescences in plenty are distributed on Kyushu island, on the contrary, in Chugoku-Shikoku district are distributed less pubescence ones.3. Chemotaxonomic techniques were also examined by analysis for isozyme and F-1-P in leaf extracts of-the genus Diospyros. It was suggested that the possibility to classify into individual species and varieties is considered by analysis for isozyme variation of Est, 6PG, POX and PGM. Further investigation will be expected in the case of F-1-P analysis to improve upon extraction procedure from persimmon leaves.

在日本，柿（D.（kaki）已经生长了很长时间。据可靠记载，它们的种植历史据说有1,000多年之久。关于柿属（包括柿）植物的亲缘关系和亲缘关系，我们所知甚少。因此，进行了一些调查，以澄清他们的问题。采用多变量分析技术，在大型计算机上对226个柿品种的94个形态性状进行了数值分析。数值分析结果表明，经济上重要的品种分别被归为“次郎"、”富玉”、“五章”和“西条”四个类群。在坐标上，它们的类群与其它品种存在着明显的差异。结果表明，原产于韩国、中国大陆和台湾的品种与日本的其他品种有很大的差异.其次，对194个柿品种的子房和幼果的阴毛进行了扫描电镜观察。品种间的变异表明，九州岛分布着较多的多毛品种，而中国四国地区分布着较少的多毛品种.本文还对柿属植物的化学分类学进行了研究。通过对Est、6-PG、POX和PGM同工酶变异的分析，认为可以考虑将其划分为不同的种和变种。进一步研究F-1-P分析方法，以改进柿叶中F-1-P的提取工艺。