Evaluation of productivity and characteristics of high quality blueberries

本研究旨在阐明优质蓝莓的产量和特性，为制定适宜的蓝莓栽培方法和采后技术提供信息。在使用塑料薄膜的保护栽培的情况下，旨在生产高质量的浆果，每个品种的生长都对收获后的夏季修剪有不同的反应；一些品种，如“韦茅斯”和“早蓝”，可以被认为适合这种培养方法，因为它们的梢生长旺盛，花芽形成良好，但其他品种则不太合适。根据10多年来对兔眼蓝莓和高丛蓝莓的长期研究，我们对各蓝莓品种的产量评价如下：兔眼蓝莓的‘Tifblue’和高丛蓝莓的‘Weymouth’、‘Berkeley1’和‘Dixi’在同一品种中优势。另一方面，日本也需要从其他国家引进更多的新品种。为研究不同施肥水平下的生长特性，对新西兰的新品种进行了研究。它们被称为“Nui”、“Puru”和“Reka”，然后在一种叫做施肥的方法下种植，这种方法是通过与滴灌系统结合来提供液体肥料。结果表明，与常规固肥处理相比，该方法对‘puru’和‘Reka’的生长有2 ~ 3倍的促进作用。根据这一发现，这种施肥方法有可能用于蓝莓栽培，特别是在“Reka”上。用30μm PE（聚乙烯）薄膜对未成熟和未成熟的“赫伯特”浆果进行气相包装（MAP），在4℃下保存，其品质、总可溶性固形物、糖、花青素等均比未包装的保持时间更长。同时，其适口性也被评为高评价。在浆果花青素苷中，以3-单半乳糖苷为主，其次为3-单阿拉伯糖苷、3-单葡萄糖苷、3-单半乳糖苷、3-单阿拉伯糖苷等。通过对这些水平变化的研究，发现了蓝莓花青素的代谢规律，为开发相应的采后技术提供了依据。少

This study was carried out to elucidate the productivity and characteristics of high quality blueberries in terms of good information for developing an appropriate cultivation method and an available postharvest technology. In the case of protected cultivation using a plastic film, aiming at yielding the high quality berries, the growth of each variety subjected to this cultivation varies its own response to summer pruning after harvest ; some varieties such as 'Weymouth' and 'Early Blue' can be thought to suit this cultivation method due to their significant vigorous shoot growth and well flower bud formations, but the others are not considerable. As for the productivity for each blueberry variety, we evaluated it as follows according to the long-term research on rabbiteye blueberry and high-bush blueberry for more than 10 years : 'Tifblue' as rabbiteye blueberry, and 'Weymouth', 'Berkeley1 and 'Dixi' as highbush blueberry are predominant among the same species.On one hand, the introd … More uction of new variety from the other country to Japan would be required too. In this study the new varieties from New Zealand were investigated in order to determine the characteristics of growth behavior on different fertilizer levels. They were 'Nui', 'Puru' and 'Reka', and then grown under the method called fertigation in which they were supplied liquid fertilizer by being incorporated with a drip irrigation system. As a result, this method promoted the growth of'Puru' and 'Reka' 2 or 3 times compared with the same varieties treated with solid fertilizer as a common method. From this finding, it is possible that this fertigation method will be available for blueberry cultivation, markedly on 'Reka'.When the berries of ' Herbert' taken from either immature or mature clusters were stored by Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) with a 30μm PE (polyethylene) film at 4℃, the qualities, total soluble solids, sugars, anthocyanins could be maintained for longer times comparing with the non-wrapped berries. Also, the palatability was assessed as high point. Among some anthocyanin aglycons in berry, Malvidin-3-monogalactoside was major and followed by Delphinidin-3-monoarabinoside, Malvidin-3-monoglucoside, Delphinidin-3-monogalactoside, Malvidin-3-monoarabinoside and so forth. From investigation of the change on those levels, the metabolism of anthocyanin on blueberry was found and would be available for developing an appropriate postharvest technology. Less