Evaluation of productivity and characteristics of high quality blueberries

本研究旨在阐明优质蓝莓的产量和特性，为制定适宜的栽培方法和有效的采后技术提供良好的信息。在地膜保护性栽培的情况下，为了生产高品质的浆果，每个品种的生长在收获后对夏季修剪的反应不同；一些品种，如‘韦茅斯’和‘早蓝’，由于其显著的活力和良好的花芽形成，可以被认为适合这种栽培方法，但其他品种不是很好。根据对兔眼蓝莓和高丛蓝莓10多年的长期研究，对各蓝莓品种的丰产性进行了评价：‘TifBlue’为兔眼蓝莓，‘Weymouse’、‘Berkeley1’和‘Dixi’为高丛蓝莓。一方面，导入…还需要从另一个国家向日本引进更多的新品种。本研究以新西兰新品种为材料，研究其在不同施肥量下的生长特性。它们分别是‘Nui’、‘Puru’和‘Reka’，然后在一种称为肥力的方法下种植，在这种方法中，它们通过与滴灌系统结合在一起获得液体肥料。结果表明，与常规固态肥处理相比，该方法对‘普如’和‘热卡’的生长有2~3倍的促进作用。从这一发现来看，这种施肥方法可能适用于蓝莓的栽培，特别是在‘热卡’上。‘赫伯特’果实无论是从未成熟的还是从成熟的果串中提取的果实，在4℃下用30μm PE(聚乙烯)薄膜进行气调包装(MAP)贮藏时，果实的品质、总可溶性固形物、糖、花色苷的保持时间都比未包装的长。此外，适口性也被评为最高点。在浆果中的一些花色素苷元中，以马尔维菌素-3-单半乳糖苷为主，其次是飞虱-3-单阿拉伯糖苷、麦芽糖素-3-单葡萄糖苷、飞雀素-3-单半乳糖苷、马尔维菌素-3-单阿拉伯糖苷等。通过对这些变化的研究，发现了花色苷在蓝莓果实中的代谢规律，为制定合适的采后技术提供了依据。较少

This study was carried out to elucidate the productivity and characteristics of high quality blueberries in terms of good information for developing an appropriate cultivation method and an available postharvest technology. In the case of protected cultivation using a plastic film, aiming at yielding the high quality berries, the growth of each variety subjected to this cultivation varies its own response to summer pruning after harvest ; some varieties such as 'Weymouth' and 'Early Blue' can be thought to suit this cultivation method due to their significant vigorous shoot growth and well flower bud formations, but the others are not considerable. As for the productivity for each blueberry variety, we evaluated it as follows according to the long-term research on rabbiteye blueberry and high-bush blueberry for more than 10 years : 'Tifblue' as rabbiteye blueberry, and 'Weymouth', 'Berkeley1 and 'Dixi' as highbush blueberry are predominant among the same species.On one hand, the introd … More uction of new variety from the other country to Japan would be required too. In this study the new varieties from New Zealand were investigated in order to determine the characteristics of growth behavior on different fertilizer levels. They were 'Nui', 'Puru' and 'Reka', and then grown under the method called fertigation in which they were supplied liquid fertilizer by being incorporated with a drip irrigation system. As a result, this method promoted the growth of'Puru' and 'Reka' 2 or 3 times compared with the same varieties treated with solid fertilizer as a common method. From this finding, it is possible that this fertigation method will be available for blueberry cultivation, markedly on 'Reka'.When the berries of ' Herbert' taken from either immature or mature clusters were stored by Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) with a 30μm PE (polyethylene) film at 4℃, the qualities, total soluble solids, sugars, anthocyanins could be maintained for longer times comparing with the non-wrapped berries. Also, the palatability was assessed as high point. Among some anthocyanin aglycons in berry, Malvidin-3-monogalactoside was major and followed by Delphinidin-3-monoarabinoside, Malvidin-3-monoglucoside, Delphinidin-3-monogalactoside, Malvidin-3-monoarabinoside and so forth. From investigation of the change on those levels, the metabolism of anthocyanin on blueberry was found and would be available for developing an appropriate postharvest technology. Less