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Elucidation of ethylene signal transduction mechanism and its regulation on fruit maturation, ripening and occurrence of physiological disorder

阐明乙烯信号转导机制及其对果实成熟、后熟及生理紊乱发生的调控

基本信息

批准号：
15208003
负责人：
GEMMA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 27.37万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study was carried out to elucidate of ethylene signal transduction mechanism and its regulation on fruit maturation, ripening and rapid softening as a physiological disorder after deastringency, using several cultivars of persimmon. Irrespective of cultivars, it is clear that ethylene promotes the softening because 1-MCP treatment depressed the cell wall degradation enzymes activities and their encoding genes such as β-galactosidase (DKB-gal) and xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (DKXTH1). Similarly, DKXTH1 was induced by alcohol treatment on 'Saijo' young fruit. On the contrary, it was found on 'Saijo' after deastringency treatment that xylosidase/afrbinofranosidase genes (DKARF1 and 2) expression was promoted.Expression of ethylene biosynthesis enzymes genes were analyzed throughout the fruit development and maturation of both cultivars ; 'Saijo' and 'Rendaiji', As a result, there were difference in strongly expressed genes between young and ripened fruits ; DKACS2 and DKACS3 as A … More CC synthesis enzyme genes were prominent in young 'Saijo' and 'Rendaiji' fruits, respectively. By contrast in ripened fruit, DKACS1 was supposed to be a major gene to function in parallel with DKACO1 and DKACO2 expression as ACC oxidation enzyme genes in both cultivars.Three full-length persimmon cDNAs homologous to Arabidopsis ethylene receptor genes ERS1, ETR1, and ETR2 were isolated. Subsequently, DkERS1, DkETR1, and DkETR2 were designated, respectively, and examined their expression during fruit development and ripening. DkETR1 mRNA expression remained at a basal level throughout all stages examined and was not affected by ethylene treatment. In contrast, expression of DkERS1 and DkETR2 mRNAs was correlated with ethylene production during fruit development and ripening and was enhanced after ethylene treatment. Western blot analysis using anti-DkERS1 antibody showed that expression of DkERS1 protein degreased gradually towards maturation and reached the lowest level at the ripening stage, in agreement with the ethylene receptor-inhibition model. These results imply that DkERS1 may play a major role in sensing ethylene signals associated with fruit development and ripening. Less

本研究以几个柿品种为试材，研究了乙烯信号转导机制及其对果实成熟、成熟和快速软化的调节作用，以探讨果实脱涩后的生理障碍。无论品种如何，1-MCP处理抑制了细胞壁降解酶的活性及其编码基因，如β-半乳糖苷酶(DKB-GAL)和木葡聚糖内糖基转移酶(DKXTH1)，因此乙烯促进了果实的软化。同样，DKXTH1也是用酒精处理‘Saijo’幼果而诱导的。通过对两个品种果实发育和成熟过程中乙烯生物合成酶基因表达的分析，发现‘Saijo’和‘Rendaiji’在幼果和成熟果实中表达较强，DKACS2和DKACS3为A…在‘Saijo’和‘Rendaiji’幼果中，CC合成酶基因较多。相反，在成熟果实中，DKACS1被认为是与DKACO1和DKACO2作为ACC氧化酶基因同时表达的主要基因。随后，分别命名了DkERS1、DkETR1和DkETR2，并检测了它们在果实发育和成熟过程中的表达。在研究的所有阶段，DkETR1mRNA的表达都保持在基础水平，并且不受乙烯处理的影响。相反，DkERS1和DkETR2 mRNAs的表达与果实发育和成熟过程中的乙烯产生有关，并且在乙烯处理后表达增强。用抗DkERS1抗体进行Western印迹分析表明，DkERS1蛋白的表达在成熟过程中逐渐脱脂，在成熟期达到最低水平，符合乙烯受体抑制模型。这些结果表明，DkERS1可能在果实发育和成熟相关的乙烯信号感应中发挥重要作用。较少