Creation of mutant through tissue culture of edible chrysanthemums

通过食用菊花组织培养产生突变体

• 批准号: 62560019
• 负责人: ENDO Motonobu
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: IWATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62560019/
• 关键词: Edible chrysanthemum; Tissue culture; Mutant; Physiological age; Vitrificated plant; Cinnamic acid treatment; PFP treatment; Stem and leaf segment culture; 黄化処理; 培地組成; PFP・DL-5; 染色体数; 変異体作出; 水浸状幼植物; ケイ皮・クマル酸処理; 茎・葉片培養; 水浸状カルス; 不定芽

In the process of creation of mutants through tissue culture of edible chrysanthemums, low plant regeneration ratios from stem and leaf segment culture in vitro are a serious problem. Fundamental study in order to increase the plant regeneration ratio, examine the culture conditions in medium supplemented with chemical mutagenic substances, and survey the appearance aspects of mutants in the regenerated plants were conducted. Main results obtained are as follows. 1. Examine suitable culture condition for stem and leaf segment culture. Sampling position and physiological age of samples for experiment; the appearance aspect of callus formation and shoot differentiation differed with sampling position on the plant, sampling season, and plant vigor. Spreading leaves and leaf blade near the petiole were suitable for leaf segment culture. 2. Examine the relationship of previous history of growth of materials and callus formation or plant regeneration ratio; compare plants originating from he … More rbaceous cutting with shoot-tip culture, and plants from successive croppings in same soil with renewal soil for culture, the former plants were better than the later.3. Examine suitable culture condition to reduce the appearance ratio of vitrification of plants; in the culture of vitrificated callus segments on the medium supplemented with cinnamic acid, good results to avoid vitrification of plants were obtained.4. Examine to create chromosome-reduced plants with PFP treatment; compare treatments. on agar medium with liquid-shake medium for creation of mutant, the latter method was better than former one. There was a close relationship between intensity of treatment ( thickness, period) and reduction of chromosome number.5. Ecological, morphological and cytological survey of regenated plants; increase of petal number, change of type of petal, enlarged size of core, change of flower color (pink cultivars), late flowering,extreme branching of shoots and one to two chromosome- reduced plants were found. Less

在利用菊花组织培养创造突变体的过程中，茎段和叶段培养的植株再生率低是一个严重的问题。为了提高植株再生率，对添加化学诱变物质的培养条件进行了基础研究，并对再生植株中突变体的外观进行了观察。取得的主要结果如下。1.研究茎段和叶段培养的适宜培养条件。试验样品的取样位置和生理年龄；愈伤组织形成和不定芽分化的外观方面因植株取样位置、取样季节和植株活力而不同。叶柄附近的展叶和叶片适合叶段培养。2.研究材料以前的生长史与愈伤组织形成或植株再生率的关系；比较来自He…的植株茎尖插穗较多，在同一土壤上连作更新土的植株，前者好于后者。考察适宜的培养条件，降低植株玻璃化的出现率；在添加肉桂酸的培养基上进行玻璃化愈伤组织的培养，可获得较好的避免植株玻璃化的效果。检查用PFP处理创造染色体减少的植物；比较处理。在含液体摇瓶的琼脂上诱变，后一种方法优于前者。处理强度(厚度、时间)与染色体数目的减少密切相关。对再生植株进行了生态、形态和细胞学观察，发现花瓣数增加，花瓣类型改变，花心增大，花色变化(粉红色品种)，开花晚，枝条极端分枝，1~2个染色体减少的植株。较少

项目成果

KAWARAYA, M., M.ENDO et al.: "Creation of mutant through tissue culture of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ram. particularly, cytological study of regenerated plants after PFP treatments on liquid-shake medium culture." Abstract Japan Soc.Hort. Sci. Tohoku local

KAWARAYA, M., M.ENDO 等人：“通过 Chrysanthemum morifolium Ram 的组织培养创建突变体。特别是在液体摇动培养基培养物上进行 PFP 处理后再生植物的细胞学研究。”

佐々木力他: 園芸学会研究発表要旨(昭和62年秋季大会). 538-539 (1987)

Riki Sasaki 等人：园艺学会研究报告摘要（1988 年秋季会议）538-539（1987 年）。

遠藤元庸ほか: "食用ギクの組織培養による変異体の作出、特にPFP処理による染色体減数個体作出" 園芸学会雑誌. 59. (1991)

Mototsune Endo 等人：“通过食用菊花组织培养产生突变体，特别是通过 PFP 处理产生染色​​体减少的个体”，日本园艺学会杂志 59。（1991）。

KAWARAYA, M., M.ENDO et al.: "Creation of mutant through tissue culture of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ram. particularly, examine to create chromosome-reduced plants with PFP treatment on liquid shake medium culture." Abstract Japan Soc.Hort. Sci. Tohoku loc

KAWARAYA, M., M.ENDO 等人：“通过 Chrysanthemum morifolium Ram 的组织培养创建突变体。特别是，检查在液体摇动培养基培养物上通过 PFP 处理来创建染色体减少的植物。”

川原谷実ほか: "キクの組織培養による変異体の作出、特にPFPの液体振とう培養法による処理後の再生個体の細胞学的観察について" 園芸学会研究発表要旨(昭和63年秋季大会). 502-503 (1988)

Tani Kawahara等：“通过菊花组织培养产生突变体，特别是通过液体振荡培养法对PFP处理后的再生个体进行细胞学观察”日本园艺学会研究报告摘要（1988年秋季会议）502-503。 (1988)