Signal transduction systems for thyroid cell proliferation and differentiation and their abnormalities in Graves' thyroid cells

我们研究了甲状腺细胞增殖和分化的信号转导系统。我们还研究了Graves甲状腺细胞信号转导系统的异常。甲状腺细胞增殖的信号转导系统：PO（磷脂酰肌醇）转换、IP3生成、胞质游离钙（[Ca^<2+>]i）、花生四烯酸释放和PG（前列腺素）生成。EGF刺激猪甲状腺细胞增殖。然而，甲状腺细胞增殖的信号尚不清楚。我们发现EGF诱导PI转换，产生IP3，并增加[Ca^<2+>]i， EGF还从磷脂酰肌醇中释放花生四烯酸并刺激PG的产生。结果表明，PI周转量、IP3生成、[Ca^<2+>]i增加、花生四烯酸释放和PG生成对甲状腺细胞增殖起重要作用。甲状腺细胞分化的信号传导系统：cAMP介导的过程。TSH可分化猪甲状腺细胞。TSH刺激cAMP的产生、卵泡的形成和甲状腺激素的合成。环状AMP在这些过程中起重要作用。TSH通过camp介导的过程刺激甲状腺细胞分化。格雷夫斯甲状腺细胞异常。格雷夫斯甲状腺细胞中cAMP和PG生成系统有一些异常。这些异常可能在Graves病的发病机制中起一定作用。利用体外培养的甲状腺细胞，我们揭示了甲状腺细胞增殖和分化的信号转导系统。我们还发现了Graves甲状腺细胞信号转导系统的异常。

We studied the signal transduction systems for thyroid cell proliferation and differentiation. We also studied the abnormalities in the signal transduction systems in the Graves' thyroid cells.1. Signal transduction systems for thyroid cell proliferation: PO(phosphatidyl inositol) turnover, IP3 production, cytoplasmic free calcium ([Ca^<2+>]i), arachidonic acid release and PG (prostaglandins) production. EGF stiumulates porcine thyroid cell proliferation. However, the signals for the thyroid cell proliferation were not known. We found that EGF induces PI turnover, produces IP3, and increases [Ca^<2+>]i, EGF also releases arachidonic acid from phosphatidyl inositol and stimulates PG production. The results indicate that PI turnover, IP3 production, [Ca^<2+>]i increase, arachidonic acid release and PG production play important roles for thyroid cell proliferation.2. Signal transduction systems for thyroid cell differentiation: cAMP mediated processes. TSH differentiates porcine thyroid cells. TSH stimulate cAMP production, follicle formation and thyroid hormone synthesis. Cyclic AMP plays important roles for these processes. TSH stimulates thyroid cell differentiation through cAMP-mediated processes.3. Abnormalities in the Graves' thyroid cells. There are some abnormalities in the cAMP and PG production systems in the Graves thyroid cells. These abnormalities may play some role in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease.Using cultured thyroid cells, we revealed the signal transduction systems for thyroid cell proliferation and differentiation. We also revealed the abnormalities in the signal transduction systems in the Graves' thyroid cells.