Japan-Sino Cooperative Study on Risk Factor Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases

许多流行病学发现和实验数据表明，心血管疾病有可能通过改变饮食来预防。为探讨中国人和巴西人饮食因素与血压(BP)的关系，采用国际心血管疾病和食物比较研究方案，对中国(1988-1989年)的5个人群和巴西(1990)的日本人(JB)和巴西人(BB)进行了调查。从每个人口中，100名男性和100名女性(50-54岁)对11个人群(乌鲁木齐、阿拉泰、吐鲁番、和田、广州)和6个人群(北京、上海、石家庄、贵阳、广州、拉萨)1985年和1986年的尿液电解质和氨基酸与血压的关系进行了研究。除体重指数(BMI)外，尿盐排泄量与SBP、DBP呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。富含海产品的牛磺酸除以肌肉中的特殊成分尿素氮和3-甲基组氨酸，除以肌酐，与收缩压和舒张压呈显著负相关(分别为p&lt；0.05)。为了评估日本人在巴西(JB)和日本(JJ)的差异，我们还在日本岛根县的3个地区(城镇、山村和渔村)进行了选择性研究。JB组和BB组BMI显著高于J组(P&lt；0.05)。JB(41.2%)和BB(45.8%)的高血压患病率也高于J(25-33%)。JB组尿盐排泄量(14.0g)高于BB组(12.7g)和山村组(11.8g)。JB的尿牛磺酸排泄量是BB的1.5倍，但比JJ少一半。结论：钠和肥胖对血压有不利影响，而动物蛋白可能对血压有积极影响。

Many epidemiological findings and experimental data have indicated that cardiovascular diseases are potentially preventable by dietary modifications. To investigate the relationships of dietary factors to blood pressure (BP) among Chinese and Brazilian populations, we carried out survey on 5 populations in China (1988-1989) and 2 populations, Japanese (JB) and Brazilian (BB), in Brazil (1990) according to international cooperative Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison Study protocol. From each population, 100 men and 100 women (50-54 y. o.) were recruited for BP measurement, 24-hrurine collection and blood test.Among 11 populations including 5 populations (Urumqi, Altai, Tulufan, Hetian, and Guangzhou) in this study and 6 populations (Beijing, Shanghai, Shijiazhuang, Guiyang, Guangzhou, and Lhasa) in former study (1985 and 1986), we assessed relationships of urinary electrolytes and amino acids to BP. Besides Body Mass Index (BMI), urinary salt excretion showed significant positive correlations with SBP and DBP (p<0.01, respectively). Taurine, rich in sea foods, divided by urea nitrogen and 3-methylhistidine, special component in muscles, divided by creatinine had significant inverse relationships to SBP and DBP (p<0.05, respectively).To assess differences between Japanese in Brazil (JB) and in Japan (JJ), we also carried out optional study in 3 areas (town, mountain village and fishing village) in Shimane prefecture in Japan. BMI in JB and BB were significantly higher than J (p<0.05). Hypertensive prevalence also higher in JB (41.2%) and BB (45.8%) than J (25-33%). The highest urinary salt excretion was observed in JB (14.0g) more than BB (12.7g) and mountain village (11.8g). Urinary taurine excretion in JB was 1.5 times higher than BB, but half less than JJ.In conclusion, sodium and obesity adversely affect BP, whereas animal protein may have beneficial influence on BP.