Nutritional Study on prevention from Cardiovascular Diseases

我们开展了WHO协调的国际合作心血管疾病和营养比较（WHO-CARDLAC）研究，该研究自1983年以来在25个国家的60个中心开展了15年，以检查各种饮食标志物与血压和主要CVD（心血管疾病）死亡率之间的关联。迄今为止，我们在世界范围内的合作研究结果清楚地表明，在大多数暴露于快速经济和社会变化的人群中，CVD危险因素正在增加。本研究的目的是根据标准化的CARDIAC方案进行营养流行病学健康调查，以获得通过预防生命危险而实现健康长寿的饮食目标。这项研究的目的是评估世界上不同人群的饮食与血压水平和心血管疾病死亡率之间的关系另一方面，这项研究包括坦桑尼亚的三个地区：达累斯萨拉姆的城市人口、汉代尼的农村人口和马赛人。11年前，人们发现达累斯萨拉姆市五分之二或百分之四十的人患有高血压。目前的研究发现，严重的高血压病例进一步增加。在苏格兰，1999年肥胖症（BMI>=30：kg/m2）的患病率高于1987年。1999年男女高胆固醇血症（血清总胆固醇≥ 5.2mmol/l）患病率均显著高于1987年。总之，这些数据表明，在过去的11年中，苏格兰的心血管危险因素的平均水平和患病率有所增加，我们的数据支持这样一种观点，即环境因素，如饮食，对世界各地人口的健康风险模式有着至关重要的影响。

We carried out WHO-coordinated International Cooperative Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison (WHO-CARDLAC) Study, which has involved 60 centers in 25 countries since 1983 for 15 years, to examine associations between various dietary markers and blood pressure and major CVD (cardiovascular diseases) mortality. The results of our cooperative study so far obtained in the world clearly indicated CVD risk factors were increasing in most populations being exposed to quick economic and social changes. The purpose of our study was to carry out nutritional epidemiological health survey according to the well-standardized CARDIAC protocol for obtaining dietary goals for healthy longevity through the prevention of life-style related diseases in the world.The aim of the study was to asses the relation between the diets of various populations in the world on one hand and blood pressure levels and the mortalities of cardiovascular diseases in those populations on the other hand. Three areas in Tanzania were included in the study : an urban population in Dar es salaam, a rural population in Handeni, and a Masai population.Eleven years ago it was found out that two out of five people or forty percent of people were hypertensives in the city of Dar es salaam. The current study has found further increase in serious cases of hypertensionIn Scotland, the prevalence of obesity (BMI>=30:kg/m2) were higher in 1999 than 1987 in each. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (serum total cholesterol>=5.2mmol/l) were greatly higher in 1999 than 1987 in each sex. In conclusion, these data have shown an increase in the mean levels and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factor in Scotland for the past eleven years.Our data supports the view that environmental factors such as diet have a crucial impact on the patterns of health risks in populations all of the world.