Studies on Middle Range Structure of Amorphous Inorganic Materials and its Controlling

采用双辊淬火、溅射和溶胶-凝胶法制备了非晶氧化物和氟化物。对合成的非晶材料进行了光谱研究和物理性能测量，得到了非晶材料的中程结构，并讨论了非晶材料的结构与性能之间的关系。得到的结果如下：1。双辊淬火法制备的MnF_2-MnO-SiO_2和mnf_2 - pb__2 - sio_2玻璃具有较高的离子电导率。XPS测量结果表明，氟离子在氧氟化玻璃中占据两种位置，其中一种位置的氟离子导致了高离子电导率。这方面对氟离子化学状态的认识与分子动力学模拟的结果一致。对氧化玻璃、硅胶、非晶合金和含铁或铕的氧化物晶体进行了穆斯堡尔测量。系统地讨论了铁和铕在这些材料中的结合特性。首次发现上转换泵浦荧光即使在室温下也能在某些氧化玻璃中发生。利用声子边带光谱分析了氧化玻璃中晶格振动能和电子-声子相互作用强度。在实验结果的基础上，讨论了上转换泵浦荧光出现的原因。采用带v形缺口的短杆试样测量了硼酸钠玻璃的断裂功。在富硼氧化玻璃中观察到非弹性现象。

Amorphous oxides and fluorides were prepared by using twin-roller quenching, sputtering and sol-gel method. Several spectroscopic studies and measurements of physical properties were carried out on the resultant amorphous materials to obtain middle range structure of these materials and to discuss the relation between the structure and the properties. The results obtained are as follows.1. High ionic conductivity was observed in MnF_2-MnO-SiO_2 and MnF_2-PbF_2-SiO_2 glasses prepared by the twin-roller quenching method. It was revealed from XPS measurements that the fluoride ions occupy two kinds of sites in these oxyflouride glasses and fluoride ions in one of the two sites contribute to the high ionic conductivity. This aspect on the chemical state of fluoride ions was coincident with the result obtained by the molecular dynamics simulation.2. Mossbauer measurements were carried out on oxide glasses, silica gel, amorphous alloys and oxide crystals containing iron or europium. The bonding characteristics of iron and europium in these materials were discussed systematically.3. It was discovered for the first time that upconversion-pumped fluorescence takes place in some oxide glasses even at room temperature. The lattice vibrational energy and the strength of electron-phonon interaction in the oxide glasses were clarified from phonon sideband spectra. On the basis of the experimental results, the origin of appearance of the upconversion-pumped fluorescence was discussed.4. The work of fracture for soda borate glasses was measured using short-bar specimens with chevron notch. An inelastic phenomenon was observed in the boron oxide-rich glass.