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Studies on the development of production technique of agriculture and animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia

内蒙古农牧业生产技术发展研究

基本信息

批准号：
01045021
负责人：
NAGAHORI Kinzo
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01045021/
关键词：
the People's Republic of China Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Grassland Soils Grass Vegetation Livestock Farming Milk Processing 家畜育種技術家畜暁飼養技術

项目摘要

Since 1989, this research project has been conducted to investigate regional differences with regard to soils, grass vegetation, livestock farming and milk processing in three typical area of the extensive grassland zone of Inner Mongolia, China.Field investigations of the first year were carried out on grassland of Urad Central Banner (Bayan Nuur League) located on the north of Yinshan mountains. This area was extreme drying climate that annual rainfall was less than 200mm. Therefore, soil characteristics were very poor and the depression of plant vigor in grassland was observed. Major livestock were goats. Soil management systems and the control of grazing intensity to improve inferior grass vegetation have been attempted.The second year's research on West Ujimqin Banner and Xilin Hot City (Xilin Gol League) showed that these area was the leading grassland in China where deep brown soil distributed widely. With measuring botanical composition, dominant plant found to be Aneureolepidi … More um chinese. Traditional livestock farming and milk processing techniques of the Mongols, who created unique milk-using culture, have been maintained in these area and their techniques were investigated. Microbiological aspects of Inner Mongolian cheese, hurood were also studied and found to be useful in improving traditional processing techniques.In the third year's research on Ergun Right Banner and Ewenkizu Autonomous Banner (Hulunbuir League), where annual rainfall was most abundant among three research area, the existence of salinized grassland owing to overgrazing, which was sandwiched in excellent pasture land of dark brown soil was found. Major breeds of livestock were Sanhe horses, Sanhe cattle and Mongolian sheep. These breeds are adaptable to Inner Mongolian climate and have valuable genetic resources such as cold tolerance, rough grazing tolerance and disease resistance. However, these livestock which were bred by natural mating were remarkably inferior in productivity and quality to improved foreign breeds. Less

自1989年以来，本研究对内蒙古粗放型草原带3个典型地区的土壤、草木植被、畜牧业和乳品加工等方面的区域差异进行了研究。第一年的野外调查是在位于阴山北部的乌拉德中旗（巴彦努尔盟）草原上进行的。该地区为极端干燥气候，年降雨量不足200毫米。因此，土壤特征很差，草地植物活力下降。主要的牲畜是山羊。通过土壤管理和控制放牧强度来改善劣质草地植被的尝试。对西乌金沁旗和锡林郭勒盟的第二年研究表明，这两个地区是中国主要的深棕色土壤广泛分布的草地。通过对植物成分的测定，发现优势植物为羊角草。蒙古人创造了独特的牛奶文化，他们的传统畜牧业和牛奶加工技术在这些地区得到了保留，并对他们的技术进行了调查。对内蒙古胡鲁德干酪的微生物学特征进行了研究，发现对改进传统的加工工艺有重要意义。在三个研究区中年降水量最丰富的额尔根右旗和鄂温克族自治旗（呼伦贝尔盟）第三年的研究中，发现了夹在深褐色土壤优良牧场中的过度放牧盐碱化草地的存在。牲畜的主要品种是三和马、三和牛和蒙古羊。这些品种适应内蒙古气候，具有耐寒性、耐寒性、抗病性等宝贵的遗传资源。然而，这些通过自然交配繁殖的牲畜在生产力和质量上明显低于改良的外国品种。少