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Regional Structural Change and Economic Revitalization Strategies in International Perspective

国际视野下的区域结构变革与经济振兴战略

基本信息

批准号：
01045031
负责人：
KAWAGUCHI Kiyofumi
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This project is a part of an international project on "Regional Structural Change and Economic Revitalization in International Perspective" sponsored by the University of Pittsburgh. As well known, Pittsburgh is now transforming from heavy industrial city to science and knowledge intensive city. Not only Pittsburgh but also other industrial cities in the world are facing the problem of decline heavy industries and decline of the city itself. Internationally contextualization of the experiences of Pittsburgh must be useful for both regional policy making and policy science as a social science.In this project, two Japanese old industrial cities, Kitakyushu and Amagasaki, were compared with Pittsburgh. The research methods were interviews, symposiums and statistical survey.Our main conclusions are follows ;The first issue is the content of the strategy for regional revitalization. Giving up the steel industry which had been the main, Pittsburgh is going towards so-called science intensive city. The key words of making strategy are competition among cities and comparative advantage.The second issue is on agents or actor in the regional revitalization. Although Pittsburgh is well known by its public-private-patnership, it is far different from the Japanese privatization policies. The most important point is that nonprofit sector coordinate the other sectors, public and for-profit, in Pittsburgh. Adding to famous ACCD, which led the redevelopment of the downtown Pittsburgh, community development corporations become active. Two research universities, the University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie-Mellon University play the pivotal roll in making science intensive city.The third issue is quantification of policy targets and their results. In Pittsburgh, policies are evaluated by change of jobs and population. On the contrast, Japan does not have such clear index.

该项目是匹兹堡大学主办的“国际视野下的区域结构变革与经济振兴”国际项目的一部分。众所周知，匹兹堡正在从重工业城市向科学知识密集型城市转变。不仅是匹兹堡，世界其他工业城市都面临着重工业衰落和城市自身衰落的问题。匹兹堡经验的国际背景对于区域政策制定和作为社会科学的政策科学一定有用。在该项目中，将北九州和尼崎这两个日本老工业城市与匹兹堡进行了比较。研究方法为访谈法、座谈会法和统计调查法。主要结论如下：第一个问题是区域振兴战略的内容。匹兹堡放弃了曾经主导的钢铁工业，正在走向所谓的科学密集型城市。制定战略的关键词是城市间的竞争和比较优势。第二个问题是区域振兴的主体或行动者。尽管匹兹堡以其公私合作关系而闻名，但它与日本的私有化政策有很大不同。最重要的一点是，匹兹堡的非营利部门与其他部门（公共部门和营利部门）进行协调。除了著名的 ACCD 领导了匹兹堡市中心的重建之外，社区发展公司也变得活跃起来。匹兹堡大学和卡内基梅隆大学这两所研究型大学在科学密集型城市建设中发挥着关键作用。第三个问题是政策目标及其结果的量化。在匹兹堡，政策是通过工作和人口的变化来评估的。相比之下，日本则没有这样明确的指标。