Development of Remote Chemical Interface

从远距离化学界面的角度看，植物间的化学通讯是一个很有吸引力的课题。本研究描述了从白色白桦（Betula platyphylla）幼芽中提取的精油成分在控制同一植物种子萌发中的可能作用。当气相中香叶醇等挥发油成分浓度较高时，种子萌发受到抑制。相反，低浓度的这些化合物促进它。研究还发现，这些化学物质是由种子本身分泌的，可能控制种子萌发。从水溶性级分中，通过HPLC测定分离出四种组分。其中2种对种子萌发有抑制作用，使种子萌发延迟9-12小时。同时抑制了种子的发芽率。然而，这些组件的分配尚未进行。利用气相色谱等常规方法对种子分泌的有效成分，特别是挥发性成分进行在线监测是非常困难的。利用声表面波（SAW）器件建立了这些部件的监测系统。首先，SAW器件的表面覆盖有膜脂质，这是适用于他们。醇类和醛类的测定值高于10 ppm。通过在SAW器件表面覆盖有序类脂膜，如LB膜，使检测限提高到ppm。表面声波器件的响应随覆盖层的不同而不同。这一结果为挥发性化合物的归属提供了有益的参考。

Chemical communication between plants is an attractive subject from the viewpoint of remote chemical interface. This study describes the possible role of essential oil components extracted from young buds of white birch (Betula platyphylla) in the control of seed germination of the same plant. When the concentration of essential oil components such as geraniol was high in gas phase, the germination was retarded. In contrast, it was promoted by low concentration of those compounds. It was also found that such chemicals were secreted from the seeds themselves, as might control the seed germination. From the water soluble fractions, four components were separated as determined by HPLC. Two of them showed inhibitory effect and retarded the germination 9-12 hours. At the same time the germination rate wa suppressed. The assigment of these components, however, has not yet been performed. On line monitoring of effective components secreted from seeds, especially volatile components, is very difficult by conventional method such as gas chromatography. The monitoring system of these components were established using surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. At first, the surface of SAW device was covered with membrane lipids, which was applied to them. Alcohols and Aldehydes were determined above 10ppm. By covering SAW device with ordered lipids membranes such as Langmuir-Blodgett membrane, the detection limit was improved to ppm. The response of the SAW devices are different each other depending covering lipid. This results gave some good aspects to the assignment of volatile compounds.