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Molecular Population Genetics of Japanese Wild Animal Species

日本野生动物物种的分子群体遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
01304001
负责人：
MORIWAKI Kazuo
金额：
$ 17.02万
依托单位：
National Institute of Genetics
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01304001/
关键词：
zoogeography speciation population genetics molecular evolution experimental animal 日本産野生動物遺伝学

项目摘要

It is well known that the fauna of Japan includes many endemic species and subspecies reflecting its biogeographic situation. It can be said that Japan is one of the most interesting area in the world from zoogeographical point of view.In the past, we had to rely solely on morphological or biometrical analyses and on ecological or behavioral characterization to estimate the divergence between populations. It was very difficult by means of those techniques to obtain information on gene flow taking place between those populations, since the genetic basis for such characters is not clear nor simple.The progress of biochemical and molecular techniques in the last two decades have led us to revise many traditional concepts of systematics. This has been documented by the numerous instances where the differentiation revealed by morphology does not fit with those the presence or absence of reproductive isolation, or the amount of genetic variation underlying it.In the present project we picked up several animal species from different phyla, and tried to examine their intraspecific variation and evolutionary relationships to related species. We intended to compare the origins and the modes of speciation between species with different ecological characteristics.Many experimental animals, such as the house mouse, newt, Japanese medaka, sea urhins and tunicate species are native to Japan. Population genetic study can provide many information to develop laboratory strains from these species.

众所周知，日本的动物区系包括许多特有种和亚种，反映了其地理位置。从动物地理学的角度来看，日本可以说是世界上最有趣的地区之一。过去，我们只能依靠形态学或生物统计学分析以及生态学或行为学特征来估计种群之间的差异。由于这些性状的遗传基础并不清楚也不简单，因此很难通过这些技术来获得这些群体之间发生的基因流信息。近20年来，生物化学和分子生物学技术的进步使我们修正了许多传统的系统学概念。这已经被大量的实例所证明，其中形态学所揭示的分化与生殖隔离的存在或不存在，或遗传变异的数量不相符合。在本项目中，我们从不同的门中挑选了几个动物物种，并试图研究它们的种内变异和与相关物种的进化关系。我们的目的是比较不同生态特征的物种之间的起源和物种形成模式。许多实验动物，如家鼠，蝾螈，日本青鳉，海胆和被囊动物物种是原产于日本。群体遗传学研究可以为从这些物种中开发实验室菌株提供许多信息。